It's possible that I am just too superficial and intellectually bankrupt to understand the necessity of taking literature apart as a means of understanding it. Reading a blog post about domestic violence in the "Twilight" books, and the "New Moon" movie in particular, I was cold-cocked by the statement that author Stephanie Meyers clearly "wasn’t educated in critical perspectives on race, class and gender." I had flashbacks, terrible, vivid, flashbacks of the days when I was not allowed to read without a "critical perspective"of some sort or another dangling over my reading lamp. This requisite analyzing, criticizing and general buzz-killery was part of what it meant to be a serious student of literature, and, while I played the game pretty well, I think that reading that way must be very similar to the sexual experience of a man wearing an extraordinarily thick condom. You can feel it, but it's not the same.
I was the kid who had to be told not to bring the book to the dinner table, and who carried piles of books on vacation to protect against a printless moment. I loved Laura Ingalls Wilder, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Elizabeth Enright, "Heidi," the "All of a Kind Family" books, the "Boxcar Children," Nancy Drew, and "Cherry Ames, Student Nurse." I loved "Little Women" most of all, because I believed that I was Jo March. (I still do). I read so much about English children in the 1920s and 1930s that I began to write "colour" and talk about my "maths" homework. I was reading critically in the sense that I liked or disliked books, and knew what did and didn't make sense or appeal to me, but there was not, at that blissful time in my life, any imposition of an external standard of quality or any requirement that I investigate the author's prerogatives or background.
Books were "good" or "bad" for me, and although I learned early that creators of books, advertisements and political campaigns had agendas and ideas that were not always patent, I didn't have to delve deeply into the behind-the-scenes world of a book to understand or enjoy it. I believed, and still believe that reading a book is a private affair between an author and a reader, and that it is largely unnecessary to rely on intercessory interpretation as a means of understanding of the writer's message. If anything, a third-party, be it Northrup Frye or an English teacher, did nothing so much as muddy the waters of my reading life by suggesting meaning and context that was foreign to my understanding of a book, and sometimes, probably, to the author's intent in writing it.
As soon as I took "real" literature classes in school, I became facile at the parlor tricks that would carry me through high school and a degree in English; these included decoding what I read based on symbolism, historical facts, and the life of the author. I did it well, but it really was just a game - my reading was not enhanced by associating darkness with Iago or knowing that Poe had worked in the Baltimore Post Office. There were authors (Dickens, Austen, Wharton, Lewis and Dreiser come to mind) whose work was enhanced by an understanding of their sociopolitical zeitgeist, but I would have sussed out that information on my own if I had wondered about whether orphans were really sent to institutions or if small town America in the 1920s was as smugly closed-minded as it was in "Main Street" and "Babbit."
Studying literature involved what seemed to me to be a desecration of art based on bizarre and irrelevant external standards. To borrow an idea from Robert Pirsig, I am "romantic" rather than "classical." There are people who do not merely admire the Rolls Royce or the Rolex, but want to understand their mechanical underpinnings; I am not one of those people. I might need to understand how my car worked in order to fix it or maintain it properly, but I do not need to see, fix, repair or disassemble the "works" of a novel or poem in order to have the experience intended by the author. If I do, there is something wrong with one of us.
One example of this death-by-analysis occurred in a college Shakespeare class, in which a young woman opined that it was unfair that Shakespeare had originally been performed with men playing the roles of female characters. She was earnest in her feminism, and genuinely outraged, but as the discussion whirled around me, I could think of nothing but poor Will Shakespeare spinning under the green grass of Stratford. I think that he imagined his female characters as female, and while he may have made some choices based on the theatrical conventions of his day, he saw Lady Macbeth, Cordelia, Miranda and Desdemona as wholly women, from their motivations to their actions. There are so many interesting things to say about Shakespeare that one could spend years speaking only of the use of language, the humor or the relationships; I was gobsmacked by the perceived need to debate an historical circumstance that was not of Shakespeare's choosing, and was (in my opinion) collateral to the art he produced.
I am not suggesting that the study of literature should more closely resemble the mommy book club in which the focus is on drinking wine, gossiping and talking about whether or not one "liked" the book, or the characters therein. I think there is real value in discussing the setting, the characters, the themes and the language in literature as a means to deeper appreciation and understanding; it does matter why characters do what they do, and "what the ending means." It's part of hearing the author's voice, and taking in what she wanted to give you. It can also be useful to stretch one's own understanding by looking through the eyes of other readers, and a vigorous debate can help a reader question assumptions, examine personal biases and change or solidify his solitary understanding.
This collaborative and book-focused process seems to me to honor the art as art, and to address it as a missive sent to us by the writer rather than teasing it apart based on whatever external "isms" are currently in vogue. If a writer lived in a previous century and in an entirely different culture, it may be interesting to observe that he or she has written in a way that might now be characterized as sexist, racist, classist or otherwise "unenlightened," but I see no point in actual criticism or categorization of work based on the fact that it is insufficiently politically correct based on standards unimaginable by the writer.
Similarly, the writer's education, sexual orientation, marital history, political and religious beliefs might be interesting to know, but I would hate, as a writer, to have my work defined as "straight, liberal, white woman" lit. What if the writer (an artist, after all) has something to say that completely defies anything one might expect based on her "typing." If it seems that the work contradicts what one would expect, does that make it ironic? Angry? Disingenuous? Is the imaginative power of an artist limited by where he grew up, how he votes or what he eats for breakfast? What is gained by the picking, the dissecting, the categorizing and the smug analyzing of what was intended, in the first place, to be an expression of something personal and unique, floated in the literary ether to be absorbed by readers only imagined by the writer?
As a writer and a reader, I hereby formally reject the "officious intermeddler" with his big bag of symbols, "isms," and critical perspectives. You may pity my tiny mind, judge me as unsophisticated, or wonder at my lack of critical rigor, and that's okay with me. Right now, I just want to read.


Salon.com
Comments
Scholars have unleashed a plague of new jargon and contortionist thinking on the land, mostly in an effort to justify their own relevance. If you're not talking hermeneutics, strategies of empire,
reification, or post-colonial issues, you're not talking literature. At least in some circles. My old department once offered a grad seminar titled "The Homo-Colonial Moment", and I am not making that up. How could I.
George Orwell has a wonderful essay, "The Function of Criticism", in which he says that criticism should be a way to recapture the delight we experienced when we first read a piece of literature - a new opening up of vistas or perspectives that makes the work fresh all over again to us. Amen to that, but not to self-important nattering.
I relate to your childhood experiences and will add that I DO NOT leave the house without sufficient reading material. A book, a magazine and a newspaper is sufficient.
I love the critical thinking part of the college classroom experience, so much that I will probably be an eternal student.
And I LOVE reading lit crit, sometimes to make fun of the over arching reaches for meaning, sometimes because New Moon et. al. are potato chips; yummy to devour but essentially without any "nutritional" value.
Were you reading the Times book review this weekend? Curious, because there's a review of several texts that argue WHO was William Shakespeare, and the author generally concludes that these arguments do nothing to enhance the pleasure of reading/seeing Shakespeare's work.
(I was also very English as a child, btw. )
wonderful post.
Is it necessary to enjoy art? Probably not. But my own critical training hasn't detracted from it. Once I saw the inside of "The Tartarus of Maids" or "Il Penseroso," things looked different. Even Robert Pirsig looked different.
Stephanie Meyer isn't on my radar. I can perfectly well enjoy reading without analyzing, however. Still I'm glad for those who do it well.
"If it sounds good, it is good."
This should be applied to reading and literature.
R.
great piece, ann.
I will never have the patience to analyze something so well and so eloquently, so maybe your studies enhanced your gifts. Whatever the source, this needed to be said. Thank you!
"Studying literature involved what seemed to me to be a desecration of art based on bizarre and irrelevant external standards"
If only I had the ability to express myself this effectively when I was audacious enough to argue with my freshman literature professor about the meaning of whatever it was we were reading. You have written my Literary Manifesto and I love you for it.
Lezlie
In this, as in everything, there's the full range of human behavior. In this, as in everything, the majority of the "scholars" and teachers are going to be boneheaded bureaucrats who, if you accept them as authorities, can destroy all pleasure in reading.
It would be a shame to lose the benefit of scholars who simply love their subject, and have learned all they can about it. You may not care about that much detail, but it is not there to stifle your reading pleasure. It's there in case you want to know more. It isn't people who have studied the theatrical environment of Renaissance England who try to import authorial sexism into Shakespeare because all the women's parts were played by men. It's twits who want to appear knowledgeable and concerned.
Your approach is the only one that works. Do not defer to "authority." Develop taste and judgment. Your blog proves you're immune to the twits. Next step is to forget them.
See "Higher Superstition" and "Fashionable Nonsense". These two books utterly debunk the Derida merry-go-round ride.
I LOVE this post. From the title to the d s al fine.
We have much in common. My childhood was mush the same and I carry a book and notepad EVERYWHERE. Oyez, tellit, tellit.
The art of the close read is crucial to our survival as a species, and it's co-equal with nurturing the love of reading at all levels.
V.S. Naipaul said "literature is for the mature". Not necessarily, but true enough, and it should inform how we challenge and improve young readers.
A well-formed sentence and a compelling narrative arc win every time. We must lure them with the latter and make sure they realize why the former is how the story seizes them.
Love you, love this. Like a bite of a good peach.
I did that most thoroughly with Walker Percy, and much less so with Melville - mainly because I find Melville's work so unusual. I'm intrigued by Pynchon in that way, too, but haven't tried as hard with him, yet. Haven't read but about half of him yet, either.
But at my base, hell, yes, I'm a romantic, and am grateful that you explained our outlook so richly, clearly and delightfully. Your work is so delicious it beckons me to pursue the critical approaches to it for greater insight. Fortunately, the biographical stuff is more accessible.
--We never allot for taste. I do, now. And it is controversial. But the standard high school English teacher game is that the teacher pretends to love every word of every piece of literature in the curriculum. We don't love it all. But we think we should pretend to and kids are left going...ugh. About everything. I had an epiphany a few years ago and said to a classroom full of kids--"I'm not really a fan of this author, here's why..." Amazing results. Some kids liked it, some didn't. But they were suddenly free to say why. Then we analyzed it based on what it is that we're supposed to learn from it --the reason that it is in the curriculum. And my students--seniors--were free to say "okay, I don't enjoy this, but the author uses these motifs or symbols or literary techniques well because..." And some do enjoy it. They became more inclined to be readers when they were set free to like some things and not like others. Since then, I have been completely honest with them about what I enjoy and don't enjoy. And administrators have crucified me for it--how dare I say to students that Of Mice and Men is not my favorite or that I like Fitzgerald's short stories better than his novels!
--Since we are pretending to LOVE LOVE LOVE everything...we overanalyze it to compensate. It is hard work. And if kids don't like it, we feel obligated to be upset. Because we must all LOVE it. So our only option is to devote our time to endless analysis. Then we kill ourselves and them with boredom.
The time when literary criticism works for me is when I am trying to appreciate a book I don't inherently like. It can allow my to understand why others find, for example "Heart of Darkness" or "Silas Marner" to be great literature when I'd rather have my fingernails pulled out by pliers than to spend time reading them.
Of course, too many murder mysteries and thrillers have probably turned my brain to mush by now. Give me Elizabeth George or Stieg Larsson any day...
no criticism is either an age in which art is immobile, hieratic,
and confined to the reproduction of formal types, or an age that
possesses no art at all. There have been critical ages that have
not been creative, in the ordinary sense of the word, ages in which
the spirit of man has sought to set in order the treasures of his
treasure-house, to separate the gold from the silver, and the
silver from the lead, to count over the jewels, and to give names
to the pearls. But there has never been a creative age that has
not been critical also. For it is the critical faculty that
invents fresh forms. The tendency of creation is to repeat itself.
It is to the critical instinct that we owe each new school that
springs up, each new mould that art finds ready to its hand. "
-- Oscar Wilde, "The Critic as Artist"
I dropped out of an English master's program for exactly these reasons. I wanted to learn Old English and study Beowulf and whatnot in the original, because I love all that stuff. What I found instead was a whole lot of socio-political-feminist-race-based interpretations of Beowulf. I just liked the fantasy and the swords! And the really old words! So I quit.
While I was taking up space in that English department, I remember the students joking about the scholarly lit journal section of the library being "Write-Only" journals. No one actually reads all that literary criticism crap in the library. They just write it so they can move ahead on the tenure track.
Thanks for an excellent post.
I once made a professor apoplectic by saying I thought we pulled on the yarn until the sweater unraveled and it left me cold. Close reading and deconstruction can be deeply fascinating and informing; it can open up many areas of thought and understanding- it's its own thing - it's like notes on a page or watching Audubon paint - it's not the thing, the bird that sings.
While I’m at it: 1) kudos for the thick condom joke – I sure do love outrageous analogies; and 2) kudos for a better “Shakespeare spinning in his grave” line than mine.
Depending on the analysis, I sometimes still think that of academic writing. (I'm just coming off an interdisciplinary social sci/humanities conference that had me eye-rolling on occasion.) Yet I feel like there's so little emphasis on analyzing or deconstructing anything these days--be it fiction, PR, or journalistic features--that maybe it's good if students learn the skills while they're in college English classes, even if some of that involves a certain amount of growing up and "processing" until you figure out that reading Shakespeare isn't just about you and the politics-du-jour.
As a longtime feminist book reviewer, I also think it's important to keep pushing the conventional wisdom. If a story is a great read, I want to know why. If I loathe a book (such as those in the "Twilight" series), I want to figure out why, too--and I want to tell people why. I may not talk about domestic violence, but I definitely want to discuss very old-fashioned ideas about men and women and the taboo nature of sex and how that gets promulgated in bestsellers that not only become publishing phenoms but are also marketed to increase their impact. Besides, those "Twilight" books are so badly written.
Sorry for running on. I think I didn't say this up front: love this topic, love your writing and thinking. As always, a pleasure. (rated)
I was in the writing end of an English dept., and so was, as the old song says, a lonely little petunia in an onion patch. You'd be surprised how little writers and critics have to do with each other (though there are the occasional cross-breeds.) I once heard a colleague state, in a meeting, that he wasn't interested in literature, only the ideas that could be generated from it. This was met with general approval.
If you're going to better understand Shakespeare, or James Joyce, or any number of other writers whose world is not our own, best you be informed about those worlds and the assumptions they made about them. This is a valuable critical function. But I grew tired of hearing students say that they'd studied "Their Eyes Were Watching God" in so and so's course, but they didn't really talk about the book, only whether or not Zora Neale Hurston was a feminist or a proto-feminist, and how that related to Afro-American feminists.
Then there's the absolute perversion of language that some scholars use, so as to make their discourse as impenetrable as possible to anyone but their acolytes. Kind of goes against anything I try to accomplish as a writer.
There. I feel better now.
I guess I want to say that your link is to a feminist blog - not a literary analysis, which seems to be where this discussion is moving. I LOVED the blog post and comments - really important things to think about when thinking about a pop culture phenomenon that, yes, informs young women who MAY be susceptible to errant thinking about sex and power and control. Oh, he turned into a werewolf and thus I got hurt might be an archetype, but it's being played out in ways that do require some thought about the repercussions.
But, hey, I was reading Victoria Holt right along with the Bronte's and wildly imagining myself wandering the moors, bereft, waiting for someone to save me. It's what teenage girls do!
I guess, being a rapidly aging undergrad, I really appreciate the great classes where we discuss what might be similar in texts. The hoity toity world of academia is something I have not experienced. My profs are so engaged, and promote really wonderful discussions in classrooms that are notable for their diversity. me, for instance. I'm a symbol of a diverse classroom.
Maybe the crusty old snobs are hiding in their cobweb filled offices, waiting for a mere undergrad to interrupt their lofty thoughts.
Dunno. I do know that a diverse classroom requires the dexterity to allow texts to be interpreted in many ways, and race, class and gender are going to come into it because, well...the students are representative.
The black students in my class hated "Sula". It was a slap in the face, in a way, because only one of them is African American - the other three are from Somalia.
I guess I'm saying that a diverse classroom begs literary analysis from its students. And that classroom, at colleges, is very much the norm.
My dream is to write and teach at a community college - just to have discussions like this as my friggin JOB!
even though i enjoy reading some critical analysis and doing some of it myself, i understand, like aim said, some stuff are like potato chips. void of nutritional value. but is yummy and there to be devoured. in those cases, you consume and bask in the flavor. punto finale! kim harrison's hollow's collection is that for me. i understand the need to just read.
"I read so much about English children in the 1920s and 1930s that I began to write "colour" and talk about my "maths" homework."
this bit was informative. i have to do my maths homework was so normal so natural. never wondered about it's genesis. today i know it's probably a hand-me-down from colonization. colour i was aware of, but not the maths part.
If you're reading Edgar Allen Poe, then yes, hidden symbolism is everywhere. But if you're reading Jane Austen, I think she was simply telling a story full of witty dialogue and settings indicative of the time. I'm afraid too often literary analysis is akin to the emporer's new clothes. No one wants to be the first to acknowledge the vacuousness of it content. Kudos.
Wanting to read. When I have watched my students read because they wanted to read rather than because they had to read, I knew I had won them over. Let others worry about "right" or "wrong." There is no wrong if love draws you to the page and lures you on.
Great post Ann and great discussion.
Over the years I've enjoyed Bill the Bard & Joyce to some fine, trashy novels. The link among them is a well-written story. That's all I ask for.
However, I loathe taking English courses but I read for pleasure. I read with empathy for my characters. At this point, I leave my analysis for statistics.
Oh, lit crit, you really want me to bleed then?
I was an English lit major. As soon as crit became so heavy handed it made walking into class a fog-riddled affair I started becoming restless. Was this really what I wanted? Didn't I just want to read for the enjoyment of reading? Why must we always drag the author's life into this?
Then it seemed everyone around me was speaking criticalese.
Rather funny when one thinks the one writing fiction now is me.
As an aside, I think Twilight is the only book many of my students have actually read.
This actually reminds me of the over-analyzing of Lady Gaga's videos.
That said, I am good at knowing what I like. (the Twilight series is firmly in the don't like pile- I can't stand Bella's personality -she just rubs me all wrong)
aim - I think it probably makes a big difference if you come to it as a mature person. I was raised by a college professor and an English teacher, so i was introduced to critical thinking very early; I think that's part of why I resented having it hammered into my central nervous system as if something dangerous would happen if I just...read and thought on my own. I have yesterday's Times, but haven't gotten past the news sections yet. Now I'm going to jump to the Book Review. Don't tell.
Kathy - really great literary (or other) criticism is kind of a miraculous thing. If you're young, and particularly if what you're reading is a struggle to begin with, I think it's a death blow to have instruction from people who are more concerned with their own agendas than with the interaction between student and art. I'd still be trying to figure out "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" without looking at it from a critical perspective......
aim - that sounds really interesting, actually. DO YOUR WORK.
sheepdog - at this point in my life, it is. Also, "it don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing." :)
Elisa - you know, I often think of writers (like Salinger) who were very unhappy about what critics interpreted into their work, and I think "how would I feel?" I did the analysis, i earned my stripes, now I feel entitled to read for the pleasure of reading.
owl - it never occurred to me to fight about it; it was "what was." Shakespeare is an interesting example; I love it, always did, glosses and all, but I know SO many people who I think would really love it if they had been taught with an eye towards loving it instead of a campaign of elitist intimidation. My husband didn't like it much until we saw Branagh's "Henry V." Now he recites speeches. :)
jonathan - you're welcome!
femme - I think you've earned that. Thanks.
dianaani - I do have to admit that The Lit Years contributed to my writing style. I'm not sure the criticism did, though. As for what you may or may not be able to do...don't sell yourself short.
lea - I'm wondering if you feel the guilt/pressure I have felt to be "classical" rather than "romantic." Probably if it were reversed I'd still find some reason to worry about it, though.
lezlie - thank you! So you argued, too. Why did it never occur to me to speak up and ask why we were learning things the way we were?
honotonoshijn - I absolutely agree about scholars; my dad is such a creature, and was as devoted to making complex material fresh and accessible to undergraduates as was humanly possible. He was also the person who advised me not to pursue an MA and Ph. D in English because he knew how different that experience would be from my fantasies about lying around reading great things and then writing papers about what fascinated me. He knew that there were agendas in academia that I had never dreamed of, and he was right to steer me away. I can forgive easily, so forgetting is my work.
greg - I'm so glad you liked this. Post-modernism was really emerging around the time I graduated (or just trickling down to undergrads, anyway) but it would have been my life if I had pursued a post-grad English degree. I will acquire the books you suggest, and
I have written out "A well-formed sentence and a compelling narrative arc win every time. We must lure them with the latter and make sure they realize why the former is how the story seizes them" to savor at my leisure. (Should I ever have any of that).
matt - oh, I read that stuff, too, if I'm interested, really confused, or just sort of feeling expansive. I love Walker Percy, but Melville was a casualty of my life as a student of literature. I think maybe another look with my grown-up brain might be in order, there. If you find anything out about me during your critical studies, let me know?
amyrose - I could not agree with you more, and appreciate your experience and perspective. My high school teachers never acknowledged that they preferred, disliked, or otherwise had any feelings about anything we read. I would have been okay at that level, but I know legions of people who STOPPED READING real literature after high school becaise they felt that they were flawed for failing to love "Julius Ceasar" or "The Old Man and the Sea," both of which were rammed down their throats. I wish you could follow your instincts without reprecussions; I would have loved to have a teacher like you.
sophie - well said!
scanner - I have known many people in my life who got incredible things out of literature without ever setting foot in Shakespeare 302. Many of them have taught me to see things I would never have seen.
cliff - I believe that "the critical faculty...invents fresh forms," but I think it's the artist's critical faculty rather than some external observer/critic who is responsible for that forward movement. Please come back and tell me if I didn't understand this properly; I'm open.
froggy - if I lived in your head then I would have gotten to go to Thailand! As I wrote in an earlier reply, I was dissuaded from a masters and Ph. D by my academic father who knew the Dark Side of the English Department. I love the "Write-Only" journals. I think I'm not sorry I bypassed that.
consonantsandvowels - it is its own thing, and in its proper place it IS fascinating. I love the sweater image...again, i wish I'd had the guts to say, just one time, "why are we killing Ethan Frome?!"
fishing fool - it doesn't matter, and please don't think I'm criticizing book clubs based on what they read, my issue historically has been that no one actually reads, or is prepared to talk about the book and it's really just a drinks party in the guise of Book Club. I still read not only Nancy Drew, but the "Betsy, Tacy Tib" series when I need a little comfort and wholesomeness.
Joan - loved them, too, and also loved Big Happy Family books even though I actually had a (medium) happy family. Those families always seemed so rosy-cheeked and good natured.
cranky - I adore Jhumpa Lahiri (and Leonard and Twain aren't to shabby) and I totally agree with your assessment vis a vis what night trouble you as a reader. The condom joke wasn't my usual style, so I felt a little risque...Shakespeare spun not one whit better here than on your blog.
martha - "almost" is what makes life interesting. :) I do think that critical thinking skills are essential, and that college is where most people learn them. I also see value in your approach to figuring out what "bugs" you or turns you on about a book; I find it a much more honest approach than asserting your criteria as having come from Olympus and being the sole, valid basis for analysis. And yes, those books are pretty, pretty poorly written.
sixtycandles - no you shouldn't! This is, after all a Salon! Hurston, since you mention her, was one of the writers who was largely spoiled for me in college; re-reading as an unfettered adult made me love her books. On the other hand, I could never have hacked my way through "Ulysses" or Faulkner without a little help from my friends. The impenetrable language is an issue for me as a lawyer and as a "regular" writer; it baffles me that people think they get bonus points for obfuscation.
aim - I totally agree. (But why aren't you writing your paper?) It is a feminist blog, but the writer's objections to the Twilight books seemed to me to be based on criteria that might or might not be valid. I agree that the effect on young girls is important (and I found many of the sexual postures in the series to be bizarre and troubling) but it IS like "Wuthering Heights" in a lot of ways. There is probably a whole body of lit crit that addresses the attraction of Catherine to bad boy Heathcliff. I did have hoity toity professors, not all, but some; they were particularly shocking to me after being raised by one who was not. The discussions were the best part of English classes, but I often felt that I was writing papers that were intellectual masturbation and did little to further or express my understanding of anything. i guess I would change that, if I could. Maybe you can, when you are teaching?
renatta - I always wonder about the process by which junk food reading becomes criticism-worthy, because a lot of what we analyze and discuss was really written purely for entertainment purposes. I have a hard time imagining Faulkner sitting down and thinking "I'm goinf to write about this bear, and it's going to be a best-seller," but Shakespeare wrote for The People. We do not say "maths." I just loved saying it. i was a very affected child. :)
Agreed.
The Awakening - Kate Chopin
Fun Home (graphic novel) - Alison Bechdel
Housekeeping - Marilynne Robinson
Kettle Bottom (poetry) - Diane Gilliam Fisher
American Salvage (short stories) - Bonnie Jo Campbell
Sula - Toni Morrison
I recommend each and all of these books to everyone.
I was an English minor who elected to not go forward with a strong academic literature career for the very reasons you've discussed. I agree with too many of your notions here, as well as dozens of those who have commented, to list. So here's my applause! And rating!!
I think that an emphasis on theory and analysis can kill the pleasure of reading for a lot of middle school and high school students, who forget that, cheesy as it sounds, reading is fun! Or at least can be.
anna1liese - You sound like a fabulous teacher. It's too bad you can't teach English to Densie's son. "There is no wrong if love draws you to the page and lures you on." Thanks for being a great part of this conversations!
d art - thanks for reading (this).
stim - she's good, sin't she? And yes, a well-written story is kind of my bottom line too, although I'm a sucker for a beautiful turn of phrase.....
sparking - I'm glad this spoke to you. If you have further thoughts, please come back!
2mchwrk - I like your friend! You are correct about Twilight, although I think she would still have been a spectacularly unpleasant young woman even if she'd bagged Edward sooner. (Or Jacob).
lc - thank you. I am, in my old age, all about deep enjoyment.
chiller - good question. :)
swoon - see, I bet you would like English classes if things were different. Damn.
vanessa - yes, yes, yes. I have to say it might be more rational to analyze Twilight than Lady Gaga. "Might" is the operative word, there.
julie - what's going on in your gut is probably the honest response hoped for by the writer. I also find Bella obnoxious. i did read them all, though. Shhhhh.
pavanne - thank you!
fay - knowing how to do it doesn't mean we want to. It has been a rare occurence in my post-graduate life that I have wanrted to do that particular thing.
aim - hmmmm. If you were here I would make you show me your work. That's a really interesting list. What's the class?
kit - why thank you. I have found this to be a fascinating conversation, and I'm glad you joined it.
anne - I don't know that term. How is it used? I TOTALLY agree with your thoughts on killing reading for people. It makes me so sad.
Hahahahahahahahahah. Hah.
I pity the fool who pities the mind of Ann Nichols.
The "Dead White Guys" did after all, write some pretty good stuff. But I don't see any reason why enjoying Shakespeare and Jane Austen means you can't enjoy Jamaica Kincaid and Zadie Smith, also.
If I only want to read a book once, then in my view, the author has only been partially successful. I "just want to read" too, without looking for the "post modern sexual repression of imperialist gnomes" subtext. If the author has been skillful enough, I'll absorb it, if only by osmosis. With a good book, I'll discover something new each time I reread it.
But all the reasons and intellectual parlor tricks you mention are big parts of why I didn't want a degree in English. =o)
rated, but now I want to get back to my book.
to be honest, i inserted the wilde reference only to be provocative, yielding to the imp of the perverse to mock what comes across as a kind of know-nothing approach to literature: i just wanna read, don't bother me with theory. so, read. if you read widely enough, you will probably develop your own literary theories. of course there are dull professors and foolish criticism, just as there are dull writers and boring novels. but stories and novels and poems, which one reads one at a time, exist in a body of literature, and criticism can tell one something about how to read in that context that may make the experience richer.
one can say, "i just want to smell the flowers, i don't want to learn horticulture"; well, fine, one can do that. but if one wants to learn anything about how flowers grow, it would be silly to complain about having to learn about the role of soils and plant life cycles. in some ways, i think, that is what is going on in these comments.
Now, I simply read what I want, and enjoy. If I have a glitch in the brain cell department, so be it. I never could have become an academic, but at least I still just want to read. (r--for READING!)
Extra bonus points for "Cherry Ames, Student Nurse" - I loved her!
The spotted hawk swoops by and accuses me, he complains of my gab
and my loitering.
I too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable,
I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.
The last scud of day holds back for me,
It flings my likeness after the rest and true as any on the shadow'd wilds,
It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.
I depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun,
I effuse my flesh in eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.
I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love,
If you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.
You will hardly know who I am or what I mean,
But I shall be good health to you nevertheless,
And filter and fibre your blood.
Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged,
Missing me one place search another,
I stop somewhere waiting for you.
"Fresh out of graduate school, immersed in the arcane technicalities of contemporary literary theory, I was going to deliver a crunchy structuralist analysis of a narrative by Frederick Douglass, tracing the intricate play of its "binary oppositions." . . .
It wasn't playing. If you've ever seen an audience glaze over, this was double glazing. Bravely, I finished my talk and, of course, asked for questions.
"Yeah, Brother," said a young man in the very back of the room, breaking the silence that ensued, "all we want to know is, was Booker T. Washington an Uncle Tom or not?" The funny thing is, this happens to be a very interesting question, a lot more interesting than my talk was. . .
While I didn't exactly appreciate it at the time, the exchange did draw my attention, a little rudely perhaps, to the yawning chasm between our critical discourse and the traditions they discourse upon. "
Yawning chasm, indeed.
Hey, feel free to "just like what you like" if that's all you can do. You're a consumer. But people who make the stuff you consume are people who think about the meaning of what they make. They're not instinctual monkeys making whatever they have no choice but to make. Civilization, art, literature, etc., advances on the backs of those who think, not those who, like you, mindlessly consume.
shiral - I want to read about "post modern sexual repression of imperialist gnomes" :) Seriously, I totally agree about the "absorption of information" theory, and I will say that many, many times, most recently with Chinua Achebe I became so intrigued that I sought out background material about the places and situations in his books. I prefer seeking to being cornered and force fed.
cliff - thanks for coming back. It was provocative! I see your point, but having been raised as a critical thinker, and having been a very serious English student for a long time, I think my attitude is wrongly characterized as "not wanting to learn;" when I want to learn, I invariable do. I value the first experience of reading a book, a play or a poem just as much as I value learning it's meaning and background (if those are not readily apparent and/or seem germane). As for how things work; sometimes I want to know how a work came to be, but sometimes it doesn't matter to me. If a flower is making me sneeze I want to know about histamines and pollen to pick the best medicine. If it is a flower of heart-stopping beauty, I know what I need to know.
bell - we did. You know that I will make it my life's mission to find out what you read, right? Chick lit? Sweet Valley High? Justin Bieber's unauthorized biography?
dirndl skirt - my stepdaughter has the same kind of processing disorder, but it made her hate reading. Now that she's out of school she just doesn't. Ever. I'm so glad it didn't ruin it for you - I think maybe it's a bonus because you can read something fabulous and it's fresh every time.
mamoore - that's really interesting; I've often wondered how it works in other disciplines. The only other art I really know about is music, and while there is some deconstruction and criticism, it's really much more permissible to love a piece of music just because you are moved by it. I'm glad you detoxed, and that someone else had the rapturous pleasure of hanging with Cherry Ames!
t. michael - I have sat in a room as that poem was pinned, like a chloroformed butterfly to a wax tray. How much better could Whitman be served than by my breathless joy at coming upon it here, like an old, exuberant, friend? Thank you.
sidik - thank you so much for reading. And thinking. :)
maureenow - yes; that's actually why, after I read them all, I felt moved to do a little studying up on Meyers, her background, and possible underlying messages in her books. It didn't make me think they were great literature, but it did clarify some things.
moistowlette - thanks! I think Jo would have gotten a tattoo if she were around today, don't you?
malusinka - wow. That's kind of an amazing nutshell example of this whole issue, and bless Gates' honesty for owning his error and telling the story.
anne - thanks for explaining. I think I'm okay with the fact that "unpacking" was after my time as a student of literature!
vicomptepicabia - I guess I don't need to feel defended against what I'm reading, particularly in the area of fiction, drama and poetry. I do read non-fiction with an eye for agenda, always, and I don't think my critical thinking is affected negatively by my ability to remain o en to the beauty of an artistic experience without filter. It is also true that I rarely consume "mindlessly," and that if I do, I am consciously taking a break from the mindful consumption that has provided the basis for my intellectual life.
pilgrim - thank you, as always.
My Pa Loves wine. If You can't afford Annapolis, Maryland`Scoop schools of 1,000 books?
Be a Pa Pa child prodigy?
Teach Nature biophysics?
Teach how t juggle berries?
Your Pa can lecture bored?
You can be Chair of bored.
Board up the school house.
Blame Monsanto for allergy.
Hire me for lecturing apnea.
You can yawn as my pets pal.
You can do a doc dissertation.
Defend your degree in dance.
Teach`
How to dance a bogie cha cha.
Parents will Love Great Danes.
Line dance classes with`Poodle.
Raise Cash and sing Joan Cash?
Johnny Cash's lyrics songs each.
Sell homemade tied-dye T-shirts.
Have a logo for for fishnet blouses.
Males could wear matching uniforms.
Mennonites can adorn rainbow tutus.
Get a tenured politico for ugh-drones.
Show that a politico drone is a wastrel.
Drones are leeches who drain a` Body.
DC Body-Politics smells of Foul Brood.
If you have a bee apiary You know Ugh.
Foul Brood is one nasty colony disease.
The matriarchal colony begins to rot.
Queen bee will die and larvae smell.
Teach how to grow garden sponges.
Instruct in sensible garden economy.
The word Love can be a red-heart shape. If you order all SAT braggers on the faculty staff to nap? Ask the children to read a Good Doctor Seuss's classic`
Oh, the THINKS
YOU CAN THINK.
Peanut's Encyclopedia.
book`
How I sing my ABC's.
Teach how to harvest.
Can what you grow.
Fill Pantry Wall.
Wall Street OY!
You Ann Oakley.
Be the cowpoke.
Dance with dame.
Nature Dame Proclaim and Nature's Dame will not be pushed back with a barn pitchfork.
Use toothpick to poke.
Poke politicos drones.
What pathetic ill-jokes.
None are flawless, but-
Drones. Sick putdowns!
Grow spaghetti squash.
Wear spaghetti straps.
Get Tattoo Tell-o-Tub.
Tattoo on Ya shoulder.
Ann love wino-o hobos.
Tattoo a word`LOVES?
Use a red heart` Loves?
Ann loves wine`No Beer.
I do love Blonde`Ale Leffee.
The Ale is made in a`Abbey.
Leffee Ale burps are`Bubbly.
O, my dear me. Mercy`Heigh.
Heigh-ho, merry merry, Ba Ba.
Everything we do has to be all about the almighty "standards". Every piece of literature in our curriculum must be justified and "aligned" to a standard. We can't just teach Pride & Prejudice. We must present to the department, the district and a few over zealous parents proof that it matches up to required teaching standards. So it becomes about teaching irony, satire, and its genre. Forget the wonderful, witty story. Let us now find examples of irony to make students write down and prove that we have adequately taught and assessed whatever number and letter standard that specifies that skill.
The worst case scenario is in large districts where teachers are given pre-written lesson plans to meet the standards. The kids want to talk about how ridiculous Mr. Collins is? Forget that, cookie cutter lesson plan demands that they write a paragraph about how Collins is used to satirize the manners of the time.
This is just one example of why standards are destroying real joy in learning.
Maybe your post and the comments here offers the beginnings of an answer to a question that has puzzled me all that time.
My own experience has always been the opposite. When I study a piece of writing, it always becomes more three-dimensional and more alive as I work. The worst criticism adds nothing, but I have never had the experience you describe. No piece of criticism has ever made a work feel more dead to me.
My new book club here is NZ is different (possibly because books are so expensive here). We don't read the same books, we don't discuss them endlessly or not at all. We just lightly talk about what we read the last month and then pass the books about. One popular one was read by seven different people in two months. Here, we say, read this. We all want to read.
So now I am a Teen Librarian. I get to read awesomely fun and important books, work with kids (who I happen to find much more insightful than many adults--whether we are talking about literature or life) and I love love love what I do. The only drawback is the whole budget debacle, but that's neither here nor there.
Anyway, you are not alone. Throw the bullshit away and read what you want. Or perhaps, think about what you read however you want. There are too many good books in the world to go about it any other way.
steven - at my college, the experience of Creative Writing majors was a conpletely different thing. We were being trained to be academics/scholars, not to write (except for analytical writing).If we happened to discuss the bones of a "good" work of literature, it was by accident; it was rare that abything was presented as anything other than "good," since it was all part of the canon. I totally agree that there is much spiritual and intellectual nutrition to be had from Chabon, Franzen, and McEwan...I'll also check out Rachman.
amy - I could not agree with you more, here. I have so far only discussed the effects of the endless, ridiculous testing with elementary teachers; the concensus there is that any unique, creative unit or project that they ever spent months outlining and implementing, the programs that every kid and every parent cherish and remember forever, is GONE. They are under too much pressure to teach to the next test. I can only imagine the impact on teaching literature, but you've explained it well. I predict that unless things change, my own unwilling-reader-kid will never stand a chance of being engaged by high school lit classes no matter how good the teacher.
pandora - I have always wondered whether there were others like me, able and loving students of literature who were driven away from anything past a B.A. by the rampant B.S.. Apparently there were. I do not know the Meyers book, but I will go forthwith to Google it and see if I need it.
sheila - thanks. It's usually smart to agree with Lea. :)
matthew - that's really, really interesting. i have always understood that there are people who find lit crit to be a useful tool, and that it has a useful role. I think the key is to balance it (in teaching, particularly) against some kind of authentic, personal response to a work of literature without suggesting that one's personal response, because it is not academic, is inferior. Both kinds of analysis can bring art to life, but neither should be seen as objectively "better" than the other.
NZE - the teacher who loves the art for it's beauty is a wonderful thing. It is warm, contagious and does honor to the creator of the work. I think your book club sounds great - I like discussion, but I also think anything that gets books to people eager to read them is a beautiful thing.
inagoodway - what cool job. :) I wish you lived here, so that I could send you my son, an able but uninterested reader. I keep thinking that someone with some understanding of boys his age and a knowledge of what's out there in the lit world could find the "hook" for him. The "who's smarter" game played in his English classes is increasingly making him throw up his hands and distance himself from reading.
sorry if that was TMI. like i said, i love my job.
dande lion - oh, I'm pretty sure Cliff disagrees with me, and (although it's hard to gauge his position on the issue at hand) libertarius just thinks I'm an idiot. ;-) I think your idea of balance is pretty close to what I do these days; I read the Twilight books because my 14-year-old niece (who also loved The Mortal Instruments) suggested that I might like them. On the other hand, I still read lots of "serious" things. Life is too short!!
I love to just read, too, and was also that kid with a book almost always in hand, and I also got the lit crit training and have the same cringeworthy stories about how people in the academic world can take something wonderful and make it seem petty and boring. BUT as any reader of my blog knows, I also love to analyze art in order to understand why it makes us feel what it makes us feel. I think that's the difference, though -- I want to feel and I want to understand my feelings about art. I don't engage in analysis just for the heck of it. And often, I'm quite content just to feel, and not analyze.
But as a writer, analyzing other writers has been extraordinarily helpful in learning my craft. To me, it's similar to a mechanic taking a car apart to learn how they run and how to fix them. If I didn't get "under the hood" with other people's writing, I'd never learn how to craft and fix my own.
This is to Silkstone: Is there an art to dissassembling a book so that as a writer you get better? I know that reading definitely makes writing better but I also think I missed how to learn from a book how to deconstruct and I've taken a million classes. Can you explain how you do deconstruct?
That said, Ann, I agree with you-- as a rule. I read any book and I read tons of books, have a hunger for them, and I know what is good, bad, mediocre FOR ME, from what I call the "aftertaste." Whether it lingers for days, months sometimes years, or whether I feel subtly debased by having read something. So I know how to be my own critic.
I was also an English major at a school that has turned out a considerable number of great writers in the last or current century. It was Barnard College, the girls school to Columbia. Writing was everyone's passion and strange I do not remember much "new criticism" only that it was supposed to be the rage. I think Barnard subscribed in the sixties anyway, to what you've said Ann.
Last, I have a really hard time with Paul Auster with the exception of his one non-fiction (Invention of Solitude). And I was thrilled, though I felt badly for Auster., when the critic James Wood in the New Yorker got all of what is wrong with most Auster novels. It was devastating and o so accurate. So occasionally a critical piece helps.
Where does the writer begin and end things? What did the writer put in and leave out? In what order did she present things? What does she dwell on? What language does she use to express things? How are the words creating a reaction in you the reader -- both the individual words and how they're put together? How is the narrative (if there is one) moved along -- what do we get to see and hear and what is skipped over? What perspective do we have of the characters -- from the inside, from the outside, and if the latter, from perspective of who? (even omniscient narrators have a stance they're viewing the characters from)
And then you get even more specific. e.g., how does she do that specifically for the character of Joe vs. the character of Sally? how does she conjure place and time, including different ones in the piece of writing?
and on and on. Having studied and written about this kind of stuff in lit classes helps me in looking at how I'm structuring my own writing to create the response in the reader that I want to achieve. Sort of like reverse engineering.