Bob Calhoun

Bob Calhoun
Location
Pacifica, California, USA
Birthday
June 18
Bio
Bob Calhoun is a regular contributor to Film Salon and observer of offbeat media. His 2008 punk-wrestling memoir "Beer, Blood and Cornmeal: Seven Years of Incredibly Strange Wrestling" (ECW Press) has spent one entire week on the San Francisco Chronicle's Bay Area bestseller list.

Editor’s Pick
APRIL 20, 2011 4:03AM

Thor, Idris Elba and the Integration of Viking Movies

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Idris Elba
UK actor Idris Elba as the Norse God Heimdall in the upcoming Marvel Comics movie "Thor."

As of last Friday, 1,473 people liked the "Boycott Thor (2011) by Marvel Studios" Facebook page. Among those showing their virtual disapproval of director Kenneth Branagh's upcoming comic book moive is Elmer Smith of Bradenton, Florida, a "47 year old proud son of the South" with a Confederate flag combined with skull and crossbones as his profile pic. On the Facebook page itself, Ian Tucker writes, "I'll watch this when they remake 'Shaft' with a white guy." Nikola Brdja Spaskeh, assault rifle in hand in his profile image, adds, "Jewlywood, more History, less Political Correctness and Liberal Agenda," before wondering if Hollywood will make a movie with "Will Smith as Adolf Hitler" and bemoaning the stealing of European heritage. There is also a link where you can buy "Boycott Thor" t-shirts, bumper stickers and even aprons on zazzle.com.

The reason for the outrage isn't that Will Smith was cast as the Norse God of Thunder, but because Idis Elba, a British actor of African parentage best known as Stringer Bell on "The Wire," has been chosen to play Heimdall, the steadfast guardian of the rainbow bridge to Asgard. The boycott was organized late last year by the Council of Conservative Citizens, a white nationalist organization that condemns interracial marriage and refers to blacks as "a retrograde species of humanity." A December 27, 2010 entry on the group's "Boycott Thor" website rages against the multi-racial Valhalla depicted in the upcoming movie, and points out that Stan Lee "has personally funded Hillary Clinton and Ted Kennedy."

"It is very clear where his bias lies," the anonymous author quips.

Surprisingly, African American fantasy author Charles Saunders, creator of the Sub-Saharan sword and sorcery hero Imaro, weighs in on the side of those who want to keep Heimdall white. "The internal integrity of those mythologies should be acknowledged and respected," he writes in a Jan. 25 blog post titled "The Heimdall Hullabaloo." Saunders' reasons for disparaging an African Heimdall stem from being asked to rework his African descended characters as Caucasians for a 1985 Roger Corman produced film called "Amazons." Saunders finds Hollywood cynicism as the motivation for shifting the race of his own characters in the 1980s and Heimdall today. "To my mind there is something wrong with both pictures," Saunders concludes, "and I don't need the likes of the Council of Conservative Citizens or 'Boycott Thor' to tell me that."

But both Saunders and the Council of Conservative Citizens get this all horribly wrong. The casting of Elba has nothing to do with the cultural authenticity of 8th Century Scandinavian seafarers, but instead hails from a mid-20th Century American cinematic tradition. A few years before the sit-ins, Freedom Rides or the passage of the Voting Rights Act, the Viking movies produced with American stars and financing had started the march towards integration with the casting of Trinidad-born Calypso singer Edric Connor as Sandpiper in the 1958 Kirk Douglas epic "The Vikings." However, Connor's role in "The Vikings" is closer to a slave narrative than a berserker's saga as he and Tony Curtis escape their Norse bondage by stealing a ship and sailing it for England. This one sequence of "The Vikings" has an alarming parallel to "The Defiant Ones," Curtis' other major film of 1958 where he and Sydney Poitier are chained together as they make their getaway from a brutal Southern chain gang.

black viking
Left to right: Sydney Poitier's Moorish King serves as the antagonistic equal of white Vikings in "The Long Ships" (1964), while Deacon Jones pillages alongside Lee Majors in "The Norseman" (1978).

During the same year that Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act into law, Sydney Poitier's Moorish king in "The Long Ships" (1964) was an antagonistic equal to Richard Widmark's Viking treasure hunter. Poitier and Widmark had already faced off from opposite sides of the color line in the tense racial drama "No Way Out" (1950), which was also Poitier's first film. "The Long Ships" would see the two replaying this conflict only with more swordplay and Viking panty raids on Portier's harem. Although the conflict between Moor and Viking is unlikely to upset even the most bigoted "Thor" boycotter, "The Long Ships" shows a reticence on the part of producers to place Vikings in a mono-ethnic setting.

More thorough integration of movie Vikings would have to wait all the way until 1978 with the release of "The Norseman," a bargain basement effort filmed in Florida swampland with Lee Majors wearing a Roman breastplate for some reason and Italian guys in obvious wigs as totally evil Native Americans. As dwindling factory production in America had become integrated during the last throes of organized labor dominance, "The Norseman" gives us NFL hall of famer Deacon Jones in a horned helmet fighting alongside guys with names like Thorvald, Ragnar and Olif. Near the film's conclusion, Jones risks Indian arrows to carry the corpse of a fallen Viking back to the ship because the dead man "deserves a Norse burial." Unfortunately, Jones' character is named Thrall although it's doubtful that a Heimdall of any color would bar his entrance into Valhalla when the time comes.

Thor Panther
Left to right: The Mighty Thor fights the Stone Men of Saturn in his first Marvel Comics appearance and the Black Panther leaps out of the page as the first black superhero. Both comics were the work of Jack Kirby.

And now that the US has its first African American president, we also have black Heimdall standing guard over the Rainbow Bridge, deciding which warriors are worthy of entering a multi-ethnic Asgard like an armor plated St. Peter. While the 1,473 boycotters clicking on the thumb icon on the "Boycott Thor" Facebook page will hardly matter to the success of Marvel/Paramount's "Thor," Elba still felt the need to answer his critics as recently as last week. In an April 8 interview with "Female First," Elba admits to questioning race when Branagh first offered him the role, but later came around. "It was so refreshing - and a testament to him as an actor and director that his casting was genuinely color blind," Elba said before adding, "I feel very proud of being part of that movie."

What should rankle white supremacists even more is that a New York Jew who fought the Nazis during World War II is responsible for making the Norse Thunder God into a modern super hero. Marvel Comics artist Jack Kirby along with writer Stan Lee first put Thor into a comic book in 1962, and had him doing things that were decidedly inauthentic. During Thor's early four-color adventures, he fought the Stone Men of Saturn, Robert Louis Stevenson's Mr. Hyde, and even the Greek gods. Four years later, Kirby integrated Marvel's characters with the creation of the Black Panther, the first black superhero. "There were plenty of white super heroes, so I thought there should be a black hero too," Kirby told me unpretentiously during one of the times I was fortunate enough to speak with him. After Kirby jumped to DC Comics in the early 1970s, he created that company's first black super hero as well in the debut issue of "The Forever People" (1971). Ironically, that character's name was Vykin the Black.

Bob Calhoun is the author of  the bestselling punk-wrestling memoir, Beer, Blood and Cornmeal: Seven Years of Incredibly Strange Wrestling, which is available through Amazon.com. You can follow him on Twitter @bob_calhoun.

Special thanks to Floyd Webb for sending me that great "Ebony" cover image of  Sydney Poitier from "The Long Ships." Floyd says, "When I first saw that image and hadn't seen the film, I thought he looked like a 42nd street pimp circa 1969."

 

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What is it with these foreign directors like Branagh and that Otto Preminger lump of German, from Noble Aryan stock, not respecting our home grown outdated American racial custom and keeping every ethnicity in their place?

Fact is the Viking were seamen, and seamen get around. They mix and mingle as they cal rape and pillage, and more than one kid in history has sang "yo ho, yo ho, a pirates life for me!" The first democracies were at sea. Special circumstances of the pillaging life meant a healthy hand was a healthy hand no matter the in many cases.

But then again, you need a little education and imagination to conceive of such a thing. Like Queen Latifah as Brunhilda in Der Ring.

Of late a lot of us "Amurikuhnz" have not been exhibiting either. I mean come on, how does one go from a "Bay of Pigs" to the "Sand of Libya" in the same millennium? Bad writing, no history and lack of imagination!

Seems Branagh had all that! I'll buy a ticket for 10 bucks!!
Bob Calhoun, your place in Valhalla is assured for this incredibly well written analysis of the issue! Your point about Kirby being a Jew and putting Thor front and center as a superhero is an excellent one (and you got to interview The King???!!!!).

My thoughts:
1) Who the fuck cares about any racist supremacist being offended, at any level?
2) I can give you at least three good reasons why there could be a black Heimdall. One of these is well stated in Floyd Webb's comment above - and if Vikings come into contact with other races and cultures, why couldn't that have an effect on their gods? Floyd also brings up a good point about The Ring - many a black soprano has played Brunhilde in the ultimate white worshipping work ever.

The second one is strictly a comic book geek one: in the Marvel Universe, Thor and other gods have been channeled by mortal humans and even aliens (Beta Ray Bill anyone?). If a non-racist Marvel geek is going to gnash his teeth about the impossibility of Black Heimdall, he needs to keep that in mind.

Norse gods of MYTHOLOGY, not a comic book adaptation, are notorious shape changers. Loki's given birth as a woman to a horse, Thor has crossdressed, etc etc - so really, one of them appearing as a black man is such a gross violation of cultural purity?

Third, it's a superhero film, an adaptation, not a Norse religious tract, not The Passion of the Thor.....so there can damn well be a black Heimdall if the creators damn well see fit.

In other words, congratulations Kenneth Branagh for having courage and conviction to give actors of other races a chance without concern for outmoded expectations.
Excellent analysis of American cinematic tradition, Bob. As all mytholgies, they have to change with the times to live on in retellings that are culturally relevant to everyone. No mythology is "pure" and untouched from outside influences.

Looks like Thor will be an entertaining film. I love to see the lineage from mythology, to comic books, to film. A very old story in a new costume, but the more things change, the more they stay the same, huh? Looking forward to it!
@ChillerPop, You and Floyd bring up so many good points. The opinions of isolated white supremacists won't matter much, but the greater number of armchair enablers griping about mixed race casting of this or that franchise is troubling. You know--those guys who pissed and moaned about Jaden Smith being cast in the "Karate Kid" remake like this was some kind of inaccuracy even though African-Americans and Latinos were early participants in the American martial arts scene going back to the 1950s. Jim Kelly had to have already been training for a while by the time he's in "Enter the Dragon" (1972).

Bringing up Loki's shape and sex shifting is great. I didn't even think about that.

One other tangent that I couldn't really fit in is that Kirby draws heavily from his actual experiences fighting in Europe for the World War II comic "The Losers." DC later brought back "The Losers" as contemporary A-Team type soldiers of fortune, and that reboot was made into a movie last year starring none-other-than Idris Elba. A strange interconnection that doesn't really mean anything except that Elba and Kirby are remotely intertwined these days. (Also that Losers movie was awful and didn't deserve a spot in an article mentioning "The Vikings" and "The Long Ships.").

Thanks for your insights.
When this hit the blogs the first thought I had was Heimdall.... figures they'd cast a Brother as the Doorman :-)

Anyone who's not a Comic Book Geek and takes this seriously needs their heads examined and their meds adjusted (I am awaiting the Evangelical protests because this is, after all, founded in Paganism). Anyone who IS a CBG and takes this seriously needs to pay attention to the underlying mythology... gods take the form they wish. Simple as that.
Rileysdtr: You know Paramount et al have bent over backwards to offer an explanation as to how the Aesir in the Thor movie aren't really gods. This is funny because I think of Marvel's Thor books as being fairly mainstream. I had a Mego Thor action figure when I was a kid. His image was emblazoned on Slurpee cups. But now with the movie we find how almost underground the idea of pagan gods defending mankind from space villains really is.
Rileysdtr: You know Paramount et al have bent over backwards to offer an explanation as to how the Aesir in the Thor movie aren't really gods. This is funny because I think of Marvel's Thor books as being fairly mainstream. I had a Mego Thor action figure when I was a kid. His image was emblazoned on Slurpee cups. But now with the movie we find how almost underground the idea of pagan gods defending mankind from space villains really is.
Only a fool would complain about racial miscasting to Deacon Jones' face. Just to make sure their bigotry goes both ways, maybe the CCC can complain that Orson Welles cast himself as Othello and used dark makeup.
Part of the dynamic here is that white power people, especially in prisons, have taken on the whole Norse/Viking thing and also incorporated Germanic and Anglo-Saxon mythology. This is rather distressing to those of the Pagan persuasion who look to Norse myths, even the 'purists' who get genetics involved in their religion. But it's even more distressing to those Asatru who practice 'universalism', and think all those called to Norse stuff are welcomed - after all, Christians don't have to be Jewish (!), and Muslims don't have to be Arabs nor Buddhists east-Indian.

It's also rather amusing to me that most of the Asatru/Norse Pagans (as opposed to the white-power people) are gentle, peaceful people. Well, come to think of it, modern-day Scandinavians are a far cry from their fierce ancestors...
anyway, heimdall was gray. comes from standing gate guard in freezing conditions. and he wasn't allowed any anti-freeze either, had to be sober in case some mongol gate-crashers showed up.
Two more points: @Bob and Riley - Marvel Comics has long had problems and controversies with public complaints about Pagan gods and cosmologies in their comics contradicting the Bible. So much so that they instituted the whole "The Gods are actually aliens" thing in their comics, which is what Paramount is currently touting. If you're a comic book geek, check out Thor Annual #13 which offended many evangelicals back in the early 80's.

Also - I will track down the articles for you - but did you know that there's been some discussion by comics scholars that Kirby and Lee's "Thor" is really about the Jewish immigrant experience in the U.S.? Particularly with Odin forbidding Thor to romance mortal nurse Jane Foster, reflective of the conflicts Jewish children entered with their parents when assimilating into the broader culture. Sounds far-fatched but it's interesting (and more for the neo-nazis to turn red in the face over).
>>Well, come to think of it, modern-day Scandinavians are a far cry from their fierce ancestors...

My Norwegian co-worker says that the "cheers" toast in Norway is actually still "skull" (phonetically), and he insists this is because they actually used to drink from the skulls of their enemies. Pretty cool. :)
@ChillerPop, well if you think about it, J. Jonah Jameson has a Hitler mustache and he's always ranting and scapegoating.
Those racist supremacists need to stay in their dirt yards and play among the wrecked cars with their plastic swords.

They are not good for much else. Now I will have to watch a Thor based movie for once.
Look, if it pisses off white supremacists, what could be bad?
I don't usually go to see this kind of comic-book movie, but I think I'll buy a ticket and maybe even some memorabilia in the hopes that, in some tiny way, Idris Elba gets some props.
Everything balances out. In a recent interview the Norse god Heimdall said that he has signed on to play Idris Elba in an upcoming biopic about the actor's life.
Brilliant analysis, Bob. I have to see the movie to judge, but I'm all for diversity in casting if it rings true to the character and doesn't feel gimmicky. I'm rooting for Idris Elba's performance to silence the critics, but sadly those critics probably have other motives for their cries of disapproval instead of just purely artisitic reasons.
That settles it - I gotta watch this movie.
Really? They're looking for historical accuracy in a movie based on a comic book? Really?
I just assumed they cast the actor they felt was right for the role, without regard to color.

I'll be going to see Thor, just because it looks like an entertaining movie. I honestly don't care which color any of the actors are.
I used to be a Thor fan when I was young because I was really into Norse and Greek mythology. However, Marvel let Thor become boring. How many times can you have Ragnarok, after all? The romance between Thor and the mortal nurse Jane Foster was also boring because Marvel imposed a Victorian sexual morality on its Norse gods. In mythology, it was commonplace for Norse and Greek gods to take human mistresses and have demi-god children. Odin seemed to fool around more than any of the other Norse gods. Yet, Marvel had Thor constantly whining that Daddy Odin wouldn't let him "marry" Jane Foster. Heaven forbid the kids should learn that people have sex without being married!
I walked out on Thor, finding it to be an imbecilic hodge-podge of fatuous nonsense. It's based on a comic strip, so I don't know how or why "authenticity" could even be a question to begin with.Thor is about Norse mythology like Facebook is about human relationships.