Hysteria has already begun with the recent news of the swine flu outbreaks in Mexico, the US and Canada. I have spoken to people who say that they intend to wear face masks in public as soon as a case of the flu has been reported in our state. Others have stated that they will take further extreme measures, such as remaining home if "things get bad."

There is no denying that the possible spread of an especially dangerous strain of influenza is a matter of concern. Very young children, old folks like me, and people with suppressed or otherwise compromised immune systems are at real risk, but only if they actually contract the disease.  Fortunately, there are simple precautions that can be taken to minimize the chances of contracting any airborne disease, and of passing it on to others.  They need not involve draconian measures, but simply consist of those precautions that we heard from our mothers, most of us, until we were quite tired of it.

In the event of a true epidemic, listen to official information -- not to old wive's tales.  If it becomes necessary to quarantine large areas or to begin wearing face masks, you will be told. 

There is a myth that "the government" will not tell you certain things "to avoid panic."  That, frankly, is b.s.  Allowing a full-scale emergency to develop will cause a lot more panic and many more problems for everyone, including the government, than precautions taken ahead of time.  What can cause panic is a lot of misinformation spread by people who "heard something," or forwarded information "because it might help."  If you want to pass on information, research it yourself.  Don't take the word of some unknown person just because the text purports that it is from the Mayo Clinic or a similar authority.  Go to that organization's web site and see for yourself.

 No doubt, given the economic situation, there will be scams involving flu and protection.  Don't be taken in.  Check the CDC web site for new information, and take advice ONLY from known experts.

Remember that the virus is spread in water droplets produced by sneezing or coughing.  Anything that will stop those droplets from contacting your mucous membranes will stop the flu dead.  Fancy protection is not needed. 

If you are caring for someone with the flu, do wear a surgical or painter's mask, or tie a handkerchief over your face. Do wear rubber or vinyl gloves, or wash carefully immediately after finishing those tasks.  Keep your own hands away from your face, and shower after changing clothes.  If someone sneezes on you, avoid breathing in and wash your face and hands as soon as possible. Remember that you cannot care for others if you become sick yourself.

Follow the guidelines below, and listen to the professionals.  We can do this.

Experts say the best way to avoid catching the flu is to practice good hygiene during flu season.

• Wash your hands throughout the day with warm water and soap.
• Avoid anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
• Use an alcohol-based hand cleanser if you contact questionable surfaces and can't wash your hands.  The local pharmacy has little bottles you can carry in your pocket.

 If you do get sick, you can avoid infecting others if you:

• Stay home until you're feeling better.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze.
• If you have to sneeze or cough into your hands, wash them thoroughly afterward with warm water and soap.

­ Remember that you can spread the flu for up to seven days after you get sick, so be careful with your germs even after most of your symptoms have passed. Experts say the best way to avoid catching the flu is to practice good hygiene during flu season.