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We live in a world characterized by a flattened culture and increasingly meaningless freedoms. Little regard is paid to the necessity for those overlapping local and regional groups, communities, and associations that provide a matrix for human flourishing. We’re in a bad way, and the spokesmen and spokeswomen of both our Left and our Right are, for the most part, seriously misguided in their attempts to provide diagnoses, let alone solutions.

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MAY 17, 2010 1:09AM

Few v. Many: The Topsy-Turvy World of Judicial Demographics

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Jacksonville, AL.   There are many reasons to wonder about the wisdom of confirming Elena Kagan to be associate justice of the Supreme Court.  She is going to sail through the Senate, but there are still reasons to wonder.  Is her rise to power based on quality, Affirmative Action, or both?  (Sadly, suspicion of unfair and undeserved advancement taints both the talented and the less-so, when it comes to AA.)  There are legitimate concerns behind this question, ranging from allegations of scholarly publication weaknesses to the politics of sexual orientation.

Another reason to be skeptical of her fitness for the position is her three-year membership on a Goldman Sachs research advisory council.  It was probably an easy way to make money and pad her vita—in some ways inconsequential since she was presumably one of many advisors and had no management responsibilities.  Still, her affiliation with Wall Street does suggest that she is no populist.  That is par for the course when it comes to the Obama administration.

Even if Kagan is brilliant and well-qualified in every other way, a traditional conservative would vote against her on principle, since she undoubtedly embraces loose construction of the Constitution and legal protection for the destruction of babies in-utero, among other things.  But what strikes me most about Kagan’s nomination is the typically phony way Washington and the mainstream media are packaging the event.  In powerspeak, up is down and elite is populist.

In the past week, I’ve read two news stories about Kagan in my local paper that featured absurd language.  The first was an AP story by Ben Feller on May 10.  The second was an AP story by Julie Hirschfeld Davis on May 12.

The second story quotes Harry Reid as saying Kagan “has fresh ideas” because she’s been “out in the real world recently.”  Reid is trying to turn a negative into a positive. Kagan’s lack of judicial experience means she has been doing other things instead of being cloistered among black robes.  But are the other things she’s been doing part of “the real world”?  For the past decade, she has been professor and then dean of Harvard Law School, followed by a year as U.S. solicitor general.  That’s pretty rarefied living.  In the ‘90s, she was a White House counsel and policy advisor.  Is there anything “fresh” about a retread from the corrupt and sleazy Clinton years?

The first story reports, “The president has grown vocal in his concern that the conservative-tilting court is giving too little voice to average people.”  Obama—he of the famed analysis regarding bitterness and clinging—has now condescended to express a tender regard for the vox populi.  In between his policy talks with Bernanke, Geithner, and Blankfein; his strategy sessions with Chicago machine cogs; and his social visits with the Beverly Hills and Martha’s Vineyard set.  Somehow he finds time to worry about the little guys and gals and then express that worry while the press dutifully notes the expression.

We are told that Kagan is a manifestation of Obama’s concern that the common people are not being heard by the Supreme Court.  So he appoints a person who attended an exclusive high school, then Princeton, then Oxford, and then Harvard.  Just the sort of person who is most likely to be in touch with the struggles and aspirations, the stances and aims of We the People.  Ain’t democracy grand?

Kagan is a lawyer.  Only 0.4% of all Americans are lawyers.  Her current salary is over $150,000 per year.  For Americans today, the median annual income for individuals age 25+ is $40,000.  You can argue that her distinguished educational pedigree entitles her to a high income, but it nonetheless places her far above most Americans.

Socioeconomic class is only one disconnect between rhetoric and reality when it comes to the Kagan selection.  If she is lesbian, as rumor has it, then she is definitely not average.  If she is not lesbian, she is very unusual as a 50 year old woman who has never been married.  She has no children, which is also unusual for a woman her age.

Each of these traits by itself means little.  There are tens of thousands of graduates from prestigious, if overrated, universities.  Not every woman is able to have children.  Added together, however, they do not depict someone who can relate to “average people” or vice versa.  Quite the opposite.  When you look at the aggregate effect of <1% + <1% + <1%, you end up with a nominee who is decidedly non-average.  How can someone so atypical be a voice for typical Americans?

If Kagan is seated, it will mean that four of the nine justices were raised in New York City.  New York is easily the largest city in the country but it still represents a mere 3% of America (8.5 million ÷ 309.3 million).  Where is the diversity?  Where is the multiculturalism?  As usual, it is highly selective and even the exceptions are elite-oriented.  If Kagan is confirmed, the court will be populated by three Jews and six Roman Catholics.  Zero Protestants.  Half of America is Protestant.

Obviously, the word Jew is ambiguous, since many modern American Jews have the ethnicity while rejecting the traditional religion, being atheists or the next-worst thing (Reform).  So you have Jewishness, in terms of bloodline, and Judaism, in terms of theology.  2% of Americans are Jewish.  1% of America identifies with Judaism.  3.5% of America is pentecostal, but I don’t expect any glossolalians to be on the High Court anytime soon.  We’re not quite at the point where we have religious equality in our fair land.  When, once again, a Protestant is appointed to the Court, s/he will more likely be Episcopalian than Assemblies of God.  Retiring Justice Stevens is the only Protestant right now yet his denomination is unknown, leading me to think that his religion is rather nominal—more of a cultural “Christian” than anything else.

I don’t care that Kagan is Jewish.  My favorite senator, singer, and savior are Jews. Feingold, Dylan, and Jesus.  (My only, not favorite, Savior.)  Although I understand homosexuality to be deficient on numerous grounds, I wouldn’t oppose Kagan for that reason, if she does privately fall into that category.  Five-term Senator David Walsh (D-MA) was one of the best members of the upper legislative chamber during the first half of the 20th century.  Apparently, he was also homosexual.  Some of my favorite writers are self-identified homosexuals who are undeniably talented and insightful (e.g., Gore Vidal, Andrea Dworkin, Amy Ray, Emily Saliers, Justin Raimondo).  “Some of my . . .” —yes, a cliché; yes, relevant.

When it comes to the Supreme Court, I don’t care about ethnicity, religion, or sexuality per se.  What bugs me is hypocrisy, phoniness, and the age-old problem of aristocracy.  If only the few really were the best!  But they aren’t.  So we’re left with the worst of all possible worlds: Rule by the incompetent and wicked few.

Many of my favorite candidates over the years have Ivy League schooling.  Like Kagan, Feingold is an alum of Oxford and Harvard Law.  Nader went to Princeton and Harvard Law.  Jerry Brown graduated from Yale Law.  Heck, even the libertarian rabble rouser Tom Woods has degrees from Harvard and Columbia.  It’s not about some know-nothing or sour-grapes guilt by educational association.  It’s about the cumulative effect of a Supreme Court justice’s life experiences moving her further and further away from the people she is governing.  Through an unelected lifetime position.  While posing, or being posed, as someone who gives “voice to average people.”  This neither started nor will end with Elena Kagan of Prinoxvard.

Since the 1950s, liberal Democrats have been champions of the Supreme Court and lower federal courts partly because they have been seen as guarantors of the rights of minority groups.  There is, however, some question concerning the nature of the minority most often protected by the judiciary.  While often rendered in the name of downtrodden minorities, judicial decisions are made by a privileged minority—namely, the wealthy and powerful.  The Supreme Court has long been dominated by Ivy League graduates and corporate attorneys.

The “Father of the Constitution,” James Madison, was interested in protecting the rights of the nation’s wealthy minority, in guarding against oppression by the unpropertied majority (Federalist no. 10).  It could be argued that the Supreme Court has generally operated exactly as it was intended to operate.  It has kept democracy in check.  Since the 1930s, it has exemplified the dual nature of the welfare state: discreet, large subsidies for the wealthy and powerful; well-publicized, small subsidies for the poor and unpowerful.

Members of the Court have often handed down decisions which benefit lowly members of society, but rulings have rarely disturbed the infrastructure of state capitalism and they seem to emanate more from a sense of noblesse oblige or upper-class mores than from principled, constitutional interpretation.  For minority groups to place their destiny in such an arrangement seems disempowering, if not dangerous, depending as it does on the magnanimity of five remote individuals rather than on creating solidarity among themselves or good relations with their neighbors.  Unfortunately, liberal politicians and journalists are not interested in deeper questions concerning majority rule, minority rights, and federal judges.

This isn’t personal.  Elena Kagan may be a kind, decent, intelligent, and knowledgeable human being.  But I do not believe any of those traits account for her appointment by Barack Obama.  And I do not believe her confirmation will give average people any greater voice in the circle of power.  Knowingly or not, she is a representative of political correctness and corporate wealth.  Not justice.  Not democracy.

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You've obviously done some homework. Rated for that. I don't know enough about her to judge her fitness, but I'm not going to be voting in her confirmation hearings, either. You've raised some very good points. I wonder if any of those who will be voting to confirm or not will be considering them.
I absolutely agree. You could hear the laughter from the midwest when Obama spun that she makes the court "more representative" of us people. He is such an elitist himself, he has no idea what he's talking about. She is not representative of anybody I know, except President Obama himself. When he said he was going to transform America I didn't realize it was going to be in his image only.
Oh my God, you mean someone who understands the law and is a Jew to boot might make it on the Supreme Court. Well lets put a stop to this right here and right now!
The supreme court should only be representative of the best legal minds and constitutional scholars available. People of that caliber should be able to decide rulings outside any personal biases on the merits of the case and the law.

It's not a Benneton ad, it's the highest court in the land and the final word in law, sometimes making the difference between life and death.
Whom do you suggest? I'm curious who you think would fit the job description while at the same time "representing the people." It's harder than you think to come up with names.
PS Do you really mean to suggest that the "politics of sexual orientation" is a "legitimate concern"?
This was an interesting read which bears re-reading. I'm not sure that I agree with you but, then again, I'm not sure that I disagree with you either.
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the athenians settled all their legal arguments in a day, arguing before a jury of 300 or more. no elitism there. cheap, too. each juror got the minimum daily wage, a filing fee to court clerk, end of expenses.

don't need kagan, or any others, really.
I just wish that Obama had picked a Jewish single-lady that looked like she could throw a punch or take one even.
Alioto the beast will eat her lunch!
I'm not a huge fan of Elena Kagan, but I'm fine with her nomination. From all appearances, Kagan is a reliable member of the Democratic policy elite who has been "saving herself" for a Supreme Court nomination for years. That's fine with me. The courts have become just as political as anything else and the two most important qualifications for a Democratic Supreme Court nomination are being a reliable vote and being easily confirmed. I still have doubts about Kagan being easily confirmed. But she appears to be a reliable vote.
the important point is that neither you, nor any other ordinary citizen, will be voting about anything of consequence. as you have grasped more firmly than most americans, the nation is not a democracy, and was never intended to be. it was meant to be ruled by the rich, and so it is.

the duke of dem and duke of rep contend at intervals for the throne of america. their followers appear on the field, cast their ballot spear, and retire from politics until their masters need them again. america is still a feudal society, even if no one dies on the battlefield.

it could be made a democracy, if many americans wanted to be citizens. but they are content to be serfs.

"we'uns know our place."
So many problematic statements, so little time. I’ll just rattle off a few glaring errors…

Let’s start with these paragraphs…

We are told that Kagan is a manifestation of Obama’s concern that the common people are not being heard by the Supreme Court. So he appoints a person who attended an exclusive high school, then Princeton, then Oxford, and then Harvard. Just the sort of person who is most likely to be in touch with the struggles and aspirations, the stances and aims of We the People…

Socioeconomic class is only one disconnect between rhetoric and reality when it comes to the Kagan selection. If she is lesbian, as rumor has it, then she is definitely not average. If she is not lesbian, she is very unusual as a 50 year old woman who has never been married. She has no children, which is also unusual for a woman her age…

Each of these traits by itself means little. There are tens of thousands of graduates from prestigious, if overrated, universities. Not every woman is able to have children. Added together, however, they do not depict someone who can relate to “average people” or vice versa. Quite the opposite. When you look at the aggregate effect of


- I don’t pretend to be a populist. I think the people we elect to serve in positions of great power and influence should be smarter and worldlier than “typical Americans.” I look at my neighbors, guests on the Jerry Springer Show, people on the evening news—and I look at myself!—and… no, bad idea. Education isn’t everything (a first-rate degree doesn’t guarantee a fair and discerning mind and a just and good heart) but it’s A Big (and I would venture “essential”) Something when one endeavors to be A Big, Consequential And Decisive Somebody.

- I bristle at the insinuation that a 50-year-old woman would ONLY be childless because she was either unable to bear children or unable to land a mate. “Not every woman is able to have children” ignores, by careless oversimplification, a woman’s agency in deciding whether or not she DESIRES to bear children.

- The whispers about lesbianism bug me also, but these lines take the cake...

Like the construction? Although I understand homosexuality to be deficient on numerous grounds, I wouldn’t oppose Kagan for that reason, if she does privately fall into that category. Five-term Senator David Walsh (D-MA) was one of the best members of the upper legislative chamber during the first half of the 20th century. Apparently, he was also homosexual. Some of my favorite writers are self-identified homosexuals who are undeniably talented and insightful (e.g., Gore Vidal, Andrea Dworkin, Amy Ray, Emily Saliers, Justin Raimondo).

“These people were homosexuals BUT they had some redeeming qualities..."




I’m no fan of Elena Kagan. I oppose her nomination on the grounds that her scant, deliberately inoffensive record offends me with its lack of judicial conviction and courage.
if you point out that the constitution is designed to protect the wealthy from the mob, then it follows that ek is well chosen.

the mob will not be protected by this constitution, they have to get another. on evidence to date, they are not smart enough to understand this, and anyone smarter than average is likely to go for the money. obama might have been well-placed to be the tribune of the people and father of the 3rd republic, but he went for the money.

a good essay, although your implication that anyone in office might be concerned about the little people does not have any basis in fact. this ship of state sailed away in 1790, with slave owning hypocrites at the helm.