Now we know that Karl Rove spearheaded the firing of David Iglesias, the U.S. Attorney in New Mexico who refused to follow the Bush White House's orders to intimidate low-income voters by making false charges of "voter fraud.”

 What the New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Wall Street Journal and other major papers missed in their stories last week was that Rove was specifically targeting ACORN, the community organizing group that has waged some of the most effective voter registration drives in recent memory.

 Rove viewed ACORN as a threat to the GOP because of its success in registering low-income voters and turning them out to vote on election day.

Viewing voter-registration data, Rove understood the math. Al Gore defeated George W. Bush with 543,895 more votes and lost the election only because Florida’s bungled balloting system threw the election into the Republican– dominated Supreme Court. If people with family incomes under $25,000 had cast ballots at the same rate as those above $75,000, more than 6. 8 million additional voters would have gone to the polls in 2000.

If only a slight majority of them voted for Gore, it would have given Gore an outright victory. Millions of low-income voters added to the registration roles could easily decide not only the presidential race, but the outcomes of many races for Congress and state legislatures as well. For Republicans, stifling voter access became an urgent priority.

 I describe Rove's campaign against ACORN -- not only in New Mexico, but also in other "swing" states where more low-income voters could hurt GOP candidates -- in my forthcoming book, Seeds of Hope, a history of ACORN, published by Vanderbilt University Press.

Last week, the House Judiciary Committee released over 5,000 pages of White House and Republican National Committee e-mails, with transcripts of closed-door testimony by Karl Rove and former White House Counsel Harriet Miers.   The documents reveal that Rove played a central role in sacking Iglesias, who was one of several federal prosecutors fired in a string of politically motivated dismissals in 2006.

Iglesias refused to cooperate with the White House's political agenda of prosecuting ACORN for "voter fraud."  Under pressure from New Mexico Republicans and Rove, Iglesias, a Republican and former Navy lawyer appointed by President George W. Bush, did investigate whether ACORN was engaged in voter registration fraud. But once Iglesias realized ACORN was following the rules he refused to smear the group by filing a phony indictment.

Rove's attempt to enlist Iglesias in the GOP political agenda was not an isolated incident.  In many states, Republicans viewed ACORN as a threat and sought ways to demonize and undermine the organization. In 2004 and 2006, Republican politicians at the local, state and federal levels waged a systematic campaign to challenge ACORN's voter registration efforts. 

Republican operatives went after ACORN hard, with a media smear campaign, trumped-up lawsuits in Florida, New Mexico and Ohio, and pressure on state law-enforcement officials to file criminal charges against the group. As the 2004 election approached, then-Attorney-General John Ashcroft launched a broad initiative to crack down on supposed voter fraud in battleground states, including Florida, Missouri, Ohio and New Mexico, where ACORN was making headway registering voters. In all of those states, Republicans filed suits against ACORN for voter fraud, and, in every case, ACORN was exonerated.

Nevertheless, conservative media continued to smear the group. In October 2004 right-wing news outlets pounced on a story about the organization mishandling voter forms and, according to Rush Limbaugh, "trying to register voters two and three times." Two years later, after the 2006 election, the Wall Street Journal promoted claims that ACORN was under scrutiny for election irregularities with one headline blaring, “A union-backed outfit faces charges of election fraud.” An editorial included an allegation-that ACORN gave cocaine to a worker in exchange for fraudulent registrations-that was a complete fabrication.

By 2008, attacks on ACORN became a key part of John McCain's presidential campaign playbook. In the third presidential debate, McCain tried to link ACORN and Obama, a one-time community organizer warning the nation that ACORN was "now on the verge of maybe perpetrating one of the greatest frauds in voter history in this country." ACORN, McCain said, maybe "destroying the fabric of democracy," and he insisted that Obama reveal his ties to the community organizing group.

Since it was founded in the 1970s, ACORN has been a thorn in the side of big business, banks, Democrats and Republicans. It has helped families obtain affordable housing, increased wages for working people, stopped mortgage companies from deceiving customers with predatory subprime loans, cleaned up vacant lots, and saved thousands of Hurricane Katrina survivor’s home from being demolished.

Rove no longer controls the White House, but the GOP and its conservative allies in Congress and the right-wing media echo chamber at Fox News and elsewhere are still using the Rove playbook. Their attacks on ACORN have persisted, partly as a propaganda campaign to tarnish Obama and Democrats as "radicals," and partly to intimidate groups from registering low-income voters.

John Atlas is the author of SEEDS OF HOPE, a history of ACORN, to be published next year by Vanderbilt University Press