Hesiod and The Muse by Gustave Moreau
There was a period right after I graduated from university when I knew I wanted to write, but I wasn’t sure exactly how to start going about that. To support myself I worked the Saturday shift at an old style Montreal tavern.
There aren’t many of these left anymore. When they thrived in the early half of the 20th century, they worked like neighborhood men’s clubs. By the time I started working there, they all had signs that read “Bienvenue aux Dames,” which were about as enticing as let’s say a sign in a southern diner that reads “Coloreds Welcome!”
The community of men who showed up to start drinking at 9 am on a Saturday morning was not, fortunately, a big one. They were usually harmless, but for whatever reason they’d rather not be around the normal drinking crowd. Some were old regulars whose wives thought they were grocery shopping. Some had just left prison, didn’t want to talk much and didn’t have many friends they could legally hang around with. Some were very poor and preferred as few people as possible to see that. And some were mentally ill, but still felt the need to be in a room with some people, which wasn’t a hospital.
Davey fell into this last group. He was a small, pale red headed man of obviously Irish descent, which he emphasized with an unfortunate preference for bright, but filthy green clothing. He was skinny with big teeth and a walk that made him look like a demented leprechaun. Davey was a ranter. He would show up regularly before 10 a.m. Usually my first customer and always alone. About halfway through his first quart of Labatt 50 he would start building up a heart full of bile and by the time he was ready for his next one he was usually screaming at a gang of invisible people comprised of politicians, the rich, and whoever happened to fall into a general category of “fuckers.”
He was white noise to most of my Saturday morning regulars. If he started getting to me I’d just turn on the giant sports screen television and watch Pee Wee's Playhouse, which back then was followed by Ralph Bakshi's brilliant version of Mighty Mouse. All I had to do was pretend I was in a new Jim Jarmusch film until lunchtime, when the weekend construction crews and hockey teams would show up and tip me enough that I hardly had to work for the rest of the week.
But one morning Davey brought a date. Maybe it was his girlfriend, maybe it was his mother. I’ll never know because she wasn’t actually visible to anyone but Davey. But I could tell it was a woman by the tone and vocabulary of his abuse.
Finally it was time to order that second quart. I’d always been able to count on Davey to snap out of his rant long enough to pay me. But this was the most hotheaded I’d ever seen him. This time when I put the beer down, he just pointed across the table and said, “she’ll pay.”
I was stunned and silent, until fortunately he returned to something closer to mutual reality. He reached into his pocket, pulled out some crumpled bills, threw them down and muttered viciously “she’ll pay in the long run.”
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A few years after I quit, I had a conversation with somebody who worried about the fact that she had developed a habit of muttering to herself. “Do you think I’m going crazy?” she asked me. “No” I answered. Thanks to Davey I knew difference between a moderately disturbing habit of self-muttering, and crazy.
But I’ve been thinking about Davey these days because I’ve been struggling with a way to talk about a subject I find incredibly uncomfortable, The Muse. Some creative people feel fine talking about the disassociative process many of them experience when in a creative groove. I’m not one of them. And it’s never been because I’m afraid that people will think I’m crazy. I know I’m not. It’s more from fear that I will be taken less seriously as a writer.
To turn your creative drive over to a power that feels to you to be outside yourself, or to confess that you do that, feels, in our era of enlightened scientific materialism, unevolved. Just writing this, I can feel Stephen Pinker and Richard Dawkins silently scoffing, not at me because I don’t run in their circles, but my “type.”
In our society, or at least among the elite intellectuals of our society, disassociation that is not pathological is, at best, regressive. You can say that this “presence” feels alien. But if you actually believe that it’s alien, you keep that to yourself. Mature intellectuals take responsibility for everything, their failures and their successes. They don’t blame their lack of creativity on society, and they certainly don’t credit it to forces outside society. They don’t believe there’s an invisible presence that will repay their attention with units of inspiration, which they will be able to convert into a reasonable living, either now or in the long run.
Artists who do seriously nurture their sense of inspiration as a force outside of themselves are caught in a double bind. On the one hand there is a very deep desire to function happily in reality in a dignified way with other professional people. On the other hand there is the artist's empirical experience, at least to them, that the creativity flows better when they surrender to it as an "it", and not as a serendipitous and occasional experience.
Sometimes a writer is so successful she’s invited out in the open to talk honestly about this process. But no matter how many people watched Elizabeth Gilbert’s TED talk, and no matter how much money she’s made writing about her transformative mystical experiences, she’s paid the price in terms of critical respect. Especially amongst her peers who’ve been doing their very best recently to distance themselves.
Read this week's reviews of her new book, Committed. This is Gilbert’s fifth book, her first three made her a finalist for almost every major American literature award there is: PEN/Faulkner, National Book Award, National Book Critics Circle Award. No mention of those accomplishments in this New Yorker review by Ariel Levy. She is now, forevermore, a neurotic blonde who once had a breakdown in her bathroom and uses research as a “coping mechanism.” Katie Roiphe’s review in Slate, makes Levy look supportive. According to Roiphe, Eat, Pray, Love was not a writer’s honest and very vulnerable spiritual quest and recovery of creative and psychic strength. It was "a highly structured nervous breakdown set on three continents."
Gilbert had what once looked like a promising literary career. Then she wrote a book that is considered not just chick lit, but spiritual chick lit. As long as her ambitions are mostly financial, I’m not sure this will matter. But she’s smart enough that it probably will.
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So why would I want to write about this? Because a couple of years ago I started becoming obsessed with the possibility that there was some helpful solid materialist explanation for this process that would help better manage my intellectual dignity.
I’m not alone. In the last half decade, titles on the neurology of creativity and spirituality like The Creative Brain and Rational Mysticism have been trickling into the bookstores and they’ve been selling well. With the advent of neuroimaging, scientists no longer have to rely on pathological subjects to research how the brain works. Now they can study healthy brains, and brains that are considered extraordinary. And so we have an increasing number of studies looking at the outlier left pre frontal cortex activity of Buddhist monks. One day perhaps, a scan of Philip Roth’s brain will explain everything we need to know about how to build the kind of brain that can expect a long respected, lucrative writing career.
Or will it? I’ve searched for this credible neuroscientific theory behind inspiration, really I have. But from what I’ve read so far, it’s just not there. Whenever there’s been a theory, whether it be the “temporal lobe personality”, or the God Helmet, it’s been pretty effectively debunked or impossible to replicate. I’m going to keep reading over the next year. And my plan is to keep writing about this. But to be honest, I’m not hopeful. Creativity seems still to be as much a mystery to science as it is to anyone, and if it turns out that Roth has an impressively large hippocampus, I'm skeptical that this will teach us much.
Why does it matter? Well, it’s kind of like we’re sitting here in a culture that we sense is running on empty, and we have this sign on the door that reads “inspiration welcome.” And yet we don’t really believe in inspiration, we believe in goals and hard, hard, hard verifiable work. Science stays mostly away from this problem, and anyone that takes the leap and treats creativity as a palpable energy to be nurtured, cultivated and trusted is subtly marginalized. Tolerated more than welcome.
Which leaves me, far too often these days, ranting quietly. Sometimes at the “fuckers." Sometimes at my muse, who I trust on good days, and not on bad days, and who may very well end up sticking me with the bill.
But for whatever reason, right now, I'm still not ready to quit.



Salon.com
Comments
A minor accident like that wasn't going to upset their routine.
To both from Duke Ellington, "If it sounds good, it is good."
Well if you wanted to actually make commuter trains, you'd want to know about electricity, I imagine. And interestingly modern physics is about the only place were serious intellectuals are allowed to get a little mystical, because the evolutionary psychologists don't have the expertise to scoff at them.
But everyone thinks they can write. So when writers get spiritual, people get antsy. No?
Socrates had his daemon and no one questioned it. It's a sad commentary on our time that most of society today would probably want him locked up.
And you will get stuck with the bill.
@Steve Blevins -- Sam Harris? Sounds like a 1940s haberdasher from Hoboken. Seriously, where can I find more about his work?
Great post.
I wonder, though. I think you have to wine and dine the muse, take her out, entertain her, and of course, there is no one else to pick up the tab. As Davey said, "she'll pay later."
Which brings me to Consonantandvowels. I believe in hard work, but people who are inspired work from a different place than people who just believe in a work ethic. They're being driven by something other than the high of achievement. So, ideally, they're able to work longer, in a more relaxed way, and achieve more. More often than not, this recipe probably follows the old 10,000 hours rule. But the 10,000 hours has to have a good percentage of inpired hours. Otherwise it's just cultural slavery.
Steve, thanks so much for your comment. I'm going to take another look at Sam Harris. I've obviously made the mistake of lumping him with the more arrogant atheists.
Leonde. I don't think people need to think hard about the muse. But if we want be even ordinarily creative, it's hard to do that without some sense of sustained support. I read this study recently that kids who have imaginary friends tend to be demonstrably better story tellers than kids who don't. Yet we never worry that there's something wrong with our kids if they DON'T have imaginary friends. I'd rather that people who read this just contemplate little puzzles like that, than take this too seriously. Although if anyone wants to take this seriously that's cool too.
Thanks for dropping by Mumbletypeg,
and Stella. I've looked into the flow research, and it's totally fascinating. But I'm not sure that flow alone can drive people. That's what I'm sort of interested in right now, not the spark, or the flow, but the drive. What can get an artist through the worst, driest, scariest periods. And sometimes all that's left is your belief, habit, I dunno what, that you're not alone in it.
I was struck years ago by Madonna saying in an interview that she could summon her creativity at anytime. Perhaps this was during the days that she was writing crap like "Into the Groove" - hell, I could summon that kind of creativity right now. But she seems to have an endless well of something going on and the one thing that I know for sure about her is her unparalleled work ethic. Maybe it's not such a mystery after all.
Just some thoughts, and happy new year to you!
I believe we all carry that aspect which is mysterious, uncontrolled, connected to the cosmos in a manner which cannot be defined through the lens of rational thought. Perhaps this is our daemon. For some, the daemon is cruel, destructive. For others the daemon is gentle, disposed toward creativity, dreams, imagination.
I really like how you examine the way in which society marginalizes the very idea of the "outside consciousness." I learned a while back not to talk about it too much, after I understood my experiences were not that common. In writing my best work, and I am sure this is true for you, the words appear easily and I sometimes feel like I'm just there to function as a typist. Even thought this sounds strange, it is a very euphoric feeling; a feeling one does not want to let go of.
I worked eight hours cleaning in, and it was like I was in the book, and the next day was at school, and was trying to move the cursor with my thumb, and it wouldn't move. I sat there for five minutes, and then was like, oh, yeah, this is a desktop, not a laptop, move the mouse moron. I have never written a story that just didn't pop in my head. I don't know what it is, almost like an epileptic seizure or muse or both, but it is a very, very different state of consciousness, and your post was great demonstrating that, although I think Stella makes a great point that at the limit of any human experience, it is just a weird mental state, biology researcher, whatever.
" Well, it’s kind of like we’re sitting here in a culture that we sense is running on empty, and we have this sign on the door that reads “inspiration welcome.” And yet we don’t really believe in inspiration."
That feels like it, in a nutshell.
It's the price we pay for being so sensible, logical and emotionally flat. That inspiration could just as easily be called bipolar or dissociative disorder or borderline personality disorder. Clinical doesn't foster "muse"ical.
I'll tell you one thing (go ahead, Beth): I don't believe in muses though I believe in magic. Wait. I believe in muses but you can't hope one of them is around, blessing you, in order to complete something.
One of my favorite theatrical pieces (It was called "Titsy the Clown - the Story of a World-Renowned Topless Clown"), I FORCED myself to write. I was feeling nothing. Nothing. Museless, hopeless and dry. And just as an experiment, I said, "Push past it and write a piece anyway. Just do it. See." So I did. And I loved that piece. I still do.
So go muses. Love muses. Don't depend on muses. And everyone has to stop killing all the magic.
I'm not high.
I talk to myself all the time, I curse at, rage at, and praise at the muse. Most creative people I know have similar experiences. It's definitely not 100 per cent explainable by science, at least not yet, but I am satisfied that it is a worth while process. There's also the old adage that there is a thin line between genuis/creativity and madness. Something else to ponder.
I may have to pay a little more attention to the rhythm and timing of creativity simply to see if there is any "science" I can glean from it. Thanks for a great post.
Risa, you wrote: "Anyway, I don't mind saying that I must be crazy by these standards, as I am sure that all of my inspiration comes from my ability to loosen the veil between my own consciousness and the collective consciousness. It gets me into trouble, but it is also a precious gift that I credit for anything that comes forth." That is certainly the essence of mania for me.
When NASA was sending men to the moon and making spaceflight possible for the first time in human history, people died, but we all knew it was for the greater good and we celebrated their contributions to science and knowledge and progress.
When a few Virgin Galactic employees died in the production of a revolutionary new machine that will finally move spaceflight out of government hands into industry's the Nightly News made it sound like the entire project should have been scrapped.
When were American's more likely to believe in God, and not think it irrational to believe in muses?
When you believe in a power outside of yourself and bad things happen, the people that they happen to are heroes who should be celebrated as they are mourned. When all we can see is human life, then anything that causes that life to be less than it's very, very best is cause for abandoning any otherwise worthy pursuit.
Don't give up. Believe. It's the only way to do anything worthwhile.
"Attention must be paid."
If I don't pay attention to my Muse, I pay in lots of other ways. Call it self-inflicted if you like, but I pay.
Native American cultures speak of the Songcatcher, who is able to hear the songs that are all around that no one else can hear. I wasn't familiar with that when I wrote these lines:
The poet is the man who knows
Of all the thoughts God give to him
Which are the ones that should be kept
Or maybe I was aware and didn't know it yet.
Oh and thank you for this brilliantly written, thoroughly thought provoking piece. I don't expect to have been particularly coherent, especially at this most ungodly hour, but I felt I'd try and respond anyway.
Writing requires all manner of both outer and inner influences. Muse (whatever that is), some money in the bank, a inspired idea (fictional or not) with an articulated plan (not necessarily to the extents of Tolstoy, but almost), plenty of patience, the courage to throw out beloved passages that simply don't work, talent (whatever that is), an intense desire to communicate and entertain, a determination to finish a project, and total disregard to the depraved publishing industry whose interests in fiction begin and end with sensationalistic novels that can instantly be turned into infantile movies.
I am talking about real writing here. The kind of stuff that deserves to be printed on paper (recycled, of course) and which the last few remaining book-lovers of the world (some several millions of them) would pay to own.
The other kind of writing, which we see all over the web, including sadly on O.S., requires absolutely no inspiration. It does serve a purpose (therapy for the writer, harmless waste of time for the readers) but it has very little value, being either a rehash of current events already much better reported in our good newspapers, or the random emetic ravings of a sick and fragile society trying to reconcile the American Dream with ever worsening quotidian miseries.
I love your little vignettes, like the one about the grimy Leprechaun. I bet you have enough of them to embellish a major novel powered by a protagonist based on yourself (writers make the best heroes of their own work). It wouldn't hurt if it had a compelling story at its core, but even if not, it would be a good read if you kept it funny. I know I would buy it.
No time either to do more than scan the comments for names I recognize, but I agree largely with most if not all of them. One of Stellaa's comes to mind because I read it first:
"The artist is communicating with whatever medium at hand, something unspoken about "being", an emotion, a thought, idea--all of these are not constants in the physical world. They are mere flickers. One reader, listener or viewer somewhere will catch that glimmer/flicker.
This is the part that seems other worldly. The artist sends it, then someone somewhere could connect with it. It's a gamble. It's a risk. It's hard to grab those fleeting moments and sharing them with another being through an artistic medium."
Stellaa has captured, for me, the rational explanation for what others may consider mystical, and which I sometimes will call it as a short-hand, which doesn't mean I think I'm communicating with extra-terrestrials. This "mysterious" process not only doesn't diminish the value of the product, for me, but it's often the key that opens a new door of perception.
However, NONE of that excuses Gilbert's nonsense...that wasn't a book. It WAS a breakdown that a publisher paid her for. More power to her but, really.:)
And I've always felt that writers/critics who talk about Gilbert as though she's a flake are purely, simply jealous. It's the same old story: a writer who becomes wildly successful can't possibly be any good. If she'd remained obscure and marginal, serious writers would be slipping her name into Harper's essays and congratulating themselves on discovering her (a la Jonathan Franzen on Paula Fox.)
Whenever anything is subjected to scientific inquiry, especially things like creativity and the supernatural, I get hopeful. I am hoping that there will be a paper published in a top-tier journal that definitively proves to all the naysayers and eye-rollers that although I make no money at it and will never prove the usefulness of it--writing is very important work. Some writing books will insist that all this talk about inspiration and "the muse" is a load of nonsense. They will suggest artists 'do the work' as if tapping into that place, creating a practice of doing so, isn't the hardest part. It is some of the hardest work I've ever done. It's a fine line between sharp concentration and dreaming, hanging on and letting go. Most of the time, work produced in such a state is pretty useless to the world and no matter how great it felt to go there, I'm left with nothing to defend my use of time and being productive is very important to me. That's how I was raised. Those are the times when a scientific explanation (and defense) could really come in handy.
Science has never been able to explain consciousness, except to say that consciousness is what directs our attention to the subjects of our observations....but science doesn't really know what consciousness is, or how it works, although we all recognize consciousness without effort. We know, however, that consciousness has something to do with memory because consciousness is to some degree the memory of itself. We don't even know how memory works, although there are some cute theories on the subject. (I especially like the one that claims memories are holographic images stored in the brain cells; some people will go out on any limb, no matter how thin.)
The mystic simply responds that consciousness is self-awareness, the self perceiving itself which, of course, requires the mind to bifurcate itself so that it can observe and report upon its own process. (see Julian Jaynes, "The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. And I mean, literally see it; you don't have to read it. The premise is in the title. I keep a copy on my self right in front of me.)
As a poet, my own experience is that I don't write poetry. It - the daemon - writes poetry and I'm merely taking dictation, the daemon being the indwelling entity that brings knowledge and wisdom to the host, and quite different from the muses, which are external entities that infect the mind with inspirations but not with an actual presence.
However, I agree that writing requires both inspiration and effort, the effort being expressed in the process of capturing the inspiration and reducing it to words that work.
I don't think anyone will ever be able to catch that on an MRI. You can catch the RESULTS of consciousness in brain activity, but not that which activates the activity.
My son used to talk to himself out loud while working on networking or software problems. He said that was how he kept his focus of attention on his work. When I am writing code, I talk to myself (albeit silently) as I work through the steps of the programming issue, and I don't know any programmer who doesn't do that.
When we speak out loud, we become our own audience and, when we hear our own voices saying what we're also thinking, it clarifies and reinforces the thought process.
Anyone who doesn't understand this is nuts.