Farewell to GM, from a factory rat’s disloyal daughter
It’s been nearly a quarter of a century since my dad punched a clock for the last time, but he’s still got his tools, the ones he used for 37 years in the die room at a Chevy spring and bumper plant, though they don’t get much exercise anymore. My parents moved into senior housing a couple years back, and if something breaks, Dad just calls maintenance. The only thing he fixes now is supper, a job he’s taken over from my mom, who suffers from dementia. Dad is 83 and, like his former employer, he’s seen better days.
Back when I was a kid growing up on the northwest side of Detroit, everybody we knew was connected in some way to the Big Three. The streets in our neighborhood were named after Ivy League colleges, but it was a solidly blue collar area; block after block of modest little houses plunked down like tokens on a life-size Monopoly board, most of them crammed to the rafters with kids. Every morning at six thirty, with the precision of a choreographed dance, back doors would open and men would emerge and, after hasty goodbye kisses from women in curlers, they would vanish into the steel jaws of the great automotive giants, only to be belched out again eight hours later, twelve during model changeover time.
“Generous Motors” (with the help of the U.A.W.) put the food on our table and the roof over our head and the money in my parents’ bank account, money that financed much of my education, supplemented by what I earned from my own well-paying summer jobs at my dad’s plant, one of the perks that went along with being in a GM family. My dad, the son of an itinerant laborer from Arkansas, was lucky to graduate from high school. I, on the other hand, like most of the kids I grew up with, viewed college as a birthright. I even tacked on three years of law school. Such a huge change in just a single generation, made possible by virtue of a strong union and a robust industry.
And how did I return the favor? How did I express thanks for my newfound upward mobility? I packed my bags, moved to California and, like millions of my fellow baby boomers, promptly went out and bought a Japanese import, which I subsequently traded in for a Volvo.
On News Hour late last week, I listened to an interview with Micheline Maynard, New York Times senior business writer and author of two books about the decline of the American car industry. According to Maynard, the demise of General Motors comes largely as a result of changing brand loyalties among baby boomers. By 1990, half of all Americans under age 45 did not own American cars. Just as we rebelled against our parents’ taste in music and clothing and hair styles, so we came to reject their choices in transportation as well.
Okay, maybe we had good reason. American cars didn’t last as long, or so the thinking went. They weren’t as fuel efficient. But how hard did we try, really? How much comparison shopping did we actually do? The truth is, in my case, and in the case of many of my peers as well, it never occurred to us to buy an American-made car. And so we went blithely on our way, tooling around in our imports, listening to Bruce Springsteen sing about decaying cities and forgotten workers, and we never even made the connection.
All I ask is that we take a second look. Start by reading this article, Misconceptions about the Quality of American Cars Continue. http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=114x16660 My husband and I have decided to only buy American from here on, figuring better late than never. He likes his new GM car, a Yukon hybrid. It’s good for a big guy like him, and for hauling big dogs and navigating country roads, and the mileage isn’t bad for an SUV. When the new Chevy Volt comes out, I’ll trade in my Mini.
Yesterday morning, as I drove home from San Francisco on Highway 101 in a sea of foreign-made cars, listening to the bankruptcy news, I called my dad to see how he was holding up. He sounded tired. Like many in his generation, he put his faith in big institutions, things he thought would last forever. Now he wonders what will happen next. His dental and vision care coverage will end July 1. After that, who knows? (Though in another few months, his own wife may not even recognize him, which puts things in a certain perspective.)
My dad could always fix anything, from a toaster to a ten-ton drill press, and even, on occasion over the years, his daughter’s broken heart. He’s my institution. After we hung up, I thought of a line from Middesex, the brilliant novel by Jeffrey Eugenidies: “Grow up in Detroit, and you see the way of all things. Early on, you are put in close relations with entropy.”
The traffic was sluggish, as it often is at that hour and, while I waited for it to clear, I contemplated the rear end of a shiny black BMW 750i idling dirctly in front of me. It had vanity plates, surrounded by a frame that said “life is a cabernet.”
Yeah, right, I said to myself. Tell that to the folks back in Michigan.


Salon.com
Comments
However, did younger buyers abandon General Motors or did General Motors lose its market because it did not appeal to the needs of younger buyers -- as foreign car makers did? It probably would not have mattered to those who made cars like your dad what types of cars they made. Workers like that did not create the problems.
Maybe I'm defensive because I am guilty as charged ;0). I drive a Hyundai.
Growing up, I don't think I knew anyone who didn't have a Ford or Chevy pickup truck ... looking up and down my street now, I only see one. Of course I have to look over the top of my Honda minivan to see that one. We also have a Suburban. It gets terrible mileage, but as much as we drive/travel with 5 kids, it's really the only way to go.
As for that BMW you were behind ... it was probably made in South Carolina. All of this go-green/buy-American stuff is tricky like that ...
xoxo
So happy you're back!!!
And that is marketing death, as it is a two step conversion process to get them back. First, you have to overcome the negative to neutral, as in to get them back in the show room. THEN you have to have something to sell them on to get them back behind the wheel of your car.
But you tell a way a life in Michigan that is clearly long gone now. What you have written is like an economic time capsule unburied and dissected some 40 years later.
Well done, as always.
I happen to be in the market for an 'A-to-B' type mode of transportation. Preferably an old pickup for about $5,000. And I can not buy American.
I am a patriot, and love the good 'ole US of A. I don't hate or belittle or ignore 'other' countries and peoples. I truly want them to do well in their short times here on earth. I, also, can not deny that America is suffering from years of corporate arrogance, thus we've been smoked in the industries we built and with which we literally saved the world (along with dozens of allies.)
How is it possible that symbols of America like GM/Ford/Chrysler can crumble - taking billions of our tax dollars with it? And they still can't build a car that'll take you to 200k miles like Toyota/Honda/Nissan without major mechanical repairs and numerous fixes of other embellishments. Sure foreign cars break, but somehow they keep ticking while our's give up the ghost. And we all know of the '78 Chevy truck with 350k on it...but those are rare, unfortunately.
Maybe a new breed of folks like your dad can raise up another car company that can compete with the world. I'm praying it is true. And let's all hope & pray the US Government has absolutely nothing to do with it.
Shane
My dad survived the divestiture of Ma Bell in the 80s, and I never understood until years later why it was so devastating for him. He'd been hired at 17 out of his high school electronics class, and he had decades of loyalty to the company that had always done right by him. Now, that loyalty was turning on its head as things got progressively weirder and worse. He ended up retiring from one of the "Baby Bells" (US West) which is now Qwest, and last I heard the former CEO is in prison.
The saddest part isn't the demise of Ma Bell and GM and other companies like it, but the demise of solid union jobs with benefits and stability. Those jobs don't exist any more. Everyone, in every industry, is hanging on until the next layoff, the next Wall Street hiccup, wondering if they'll have to sell their house at a loss and move cross country chasing a job. It's hard for my dad to get his head around the idea that not only will I not ever have a pension, I'll be lucky if any of the companies I've ever worked for even still exist by the time I retire.
And... I abandoned GM and Chrysler based on my experiences as a child and now. I wish one of the big three could build anything like my Nissan pickup, the 1992 truck that just keeps running and running with minor repairs. According to our mechanic, you can't buy them used, because no one sells them. We have about three or four of his apprentice mechanics who want to buy it from us, but it's not for sale. It's nothing fancy, kinda gutless, fairly boring, but it runs and runs and runs. I wish GM could do as well.
Thanks for your excellent writing.
Also, it's funny, but Middlesex totally reshaped my image of Detroit, and especially its suburbs. It's amazing how novels can permanently shape your thinking of a place you've actually been to.
The day that Cavalier (3.5 years old and not even paid off yet) simply died in the middle of a 5-lane stretch of intersection--DIED, ceased all functions, shut down as though a cord had been kicked out of the wall, with no seeming cause--was the day I decided enough was enough.
I traded it in for a Mazda Miata and never looked back.
If New Detroit can begin to match the quality and reliability of foreign-built cars, it will survive. If it doesn't...
That Springsteen song was a documentary during my teen years, chronicling the death of the American factory town. The auto factories are perhaps our last manufacturing relic.
This piece moved me.
My Grand Am was been very good to me. No major problems in 10 years. Just some belt and hose changes and a new battery.( My son had it for the last 2 years and he sold it at 190,000 miles.
My early Fords were terrible.(Except for my 1966 Mustang Shelby GT) The Dodge had an awful paint problem and many mechanical issues for the 5 years that I held onto it. I lso had a Ford Ranger for 8 years as a second vehicle and id did pretty well.
In 2002 we purchased a new Pontiac Grand Prix and it has been an excellent car.
p.s. My dad could fix anything as well.
Rated.
Jeanette -- Thank you. I also enjoy reading the human side of big news stories.
IM -- So funny about peeking over the top of the Honda. I know, globalization makes it all very confusing now. American companies with overseas parts manufacturers; foreign companies with American plants. But there's no getting around the fact that GM's bankruptcy will lead to the loss of tens of thousands of jobs, the kinds of jobs that built the world we were lucky enough to grow up in.
Gwoll -- Thanks for the marketing perspective from a guy, unlike me, who actually understands business. Negative to neutral...an uphill battle to be sure.
Shane -- I hear you. My neighbors have a Nissan truck with 400,000 miles on it. Still, these are extraordinary times we're living in. Maybe we need to give American cars another chance.
Froggy -- Forgive the pun, but your comment really rang bells for me! Is there anything more emblematic of our uncertain world than the endless morphing of the Bell spin-offs? The San Francisco baseball stadium was originally called Pac Bell park, then it became 3Com...since then I've lost track.
Nice tribute to GM and your father. But I'm not sure the quality knock on GM has anything to do with misconceptions.
The link you gave gives some brief information from a "2005 quality study" but it doesn't say much more about the criteria. One thing I've noticed over the last few years is that GM does okay in "Initial Quality" surveys, which have to do with the number of reported problems in the first year of ownership or so.
But, unlike you and your husband, a lot of us can't really afford to buy $40K cars right and left. The last 3 cars my wife and I have bought, we've bought new. And we pretty much plan on driving them for at least 10 years and 150K miles. And until I see compelling evidence that a GM car will last that long without problems, I won't buy one.
Also, my current '94 Accord, which I bought new and has been a really good car for 180K miles, was built in the U.S. That means that U.S. workers benefitted from it's sale and most of the parts probably came from the U.S. Does a GM or Ford, built in Mexico or Canada help out Americans more or less? I don't know, but personally I would rather buy a car manufactured in the U.S. that one manufactured elsewhere under the name of a U.S. corporation.
I understand the need to support U.S. workers, but frankly I suspect that the corporate overlords have more allegiance to the almighty dollar that to you or I or America.
I'm in the market for a car again, and I've considered a Malibu and a Fusion (my '89 Escort was actually a great car), but as it will be a big expense and we'll have it for 10-15 years I'm leaning more toward a Honda or Toyota (we also have an '02 Sienna already) - but this time around I will certainly make it a point to buy something made by U.S. workers at least.
While I support buying American in theory, I also support buying the best product for the money. I'm not rebelling against my parents; I'm just like them. The 750i idling in front of you is a pig of a car; the guy could have bought a Lincoln or a Cadillac. But some of us are trying to find a car that fits our smaller lifestyles and costs less to maintain and is comfortable to drive and as soon as any one of the American car companies makes one we like, I promise you we'll be all over it.
The Mercedes gets 35 MPG. That's right, 35 MPG. The Explorer got 21. Ford, GM and Chrysler made diesel trucks for years. They failed with diesel cars. Why? It wasn't a foreign technology.
Another good find on the used car market is the Ford Ranger pickup with the 2.3 engine- this little truck gets better gas mileage than any of the import trucks, and is tougher than a hammer.
And I'm currently driving an American car - the price/quality/mileage equation was working in my favor for a change with a Ford Focus.
Growing up, nothing could put the fear into my mom like the words "contract year." The threat of going on strike meant that no vacation or major expenditure could be planned for that year. But once the contract was approved, we knew that his job and benefits were pretty safe for the next 3-5 years. We always had pretty decent health insurance--when my brother needed five or six surgeries to put in ear tubes, he got them, no questions asked. We went to the dentist. We got glasses when we needed them.
In my hometown in the 1980s, to buy a Japanese car was seen as a sign of disloyalty to American workers. This began to change when the Japanese built a factory that assembled car doors for Toyota on the outskirts of town.
Honda is supposed to open a new plant in my hometown (Greensburg, Indiana) that will employ 3,000-4,000 people. It won't be a union plant, but at least the Japanese seem to have a sense of responsibility towards their workers.
I've always driven American cars until the Toyota I currently drive. But, I don't think there is any such thing as purely American or non-American now, between the mix of the source of parts and location of assembly.
The American car manufacturers have a lot to answer for in terms of failing to meet changing needs and lacking innovation. They coasted on their arrogance for years.
All that said, I loved my 1978 Chevy Malibu...
Verbal -- sorry about that Cavalier! I understand your position...still, in my case, the head may say Japanese, but the heart says Detroit.
Rapier, Blackflon -- I am very nostalgic about Pontiacs, having lost my virginity in one...
fins2theleft -- Yes, I realize I'm lucky to afford the Yukon hybrid. I just wish some of the other folks in my shoes would do the same. I'm not saying absolutely, yes, by American, regardless of how well the thing runs or where it's made. But I hope people will start at least paying more attention to the fact that their car-buying decisions do have an impact on the lives of American workers. As for the difference between a Toyota partially made in the U.S. (by non-union labor) and a Chevy partially made in Canada...well, for me it depends if buying that Chevy also helps support well-paying union jobs here at home.
Juli -- a really great summer read. I couldn't put it down.
Cat -- good points, but see my comment to fins2theleft
Reading all of these comments, and your original post, what I find so fascinating is how "cars" seem to hold such a different place in the American psyche than other consumer products. And also that unlike one's decision to buy a DVD player or watch, the auto-buying decision is colored by issues of patriotism, support of unions, and an awareness of jobs and the down-the-line effect on American families.
Automobiles have become a sort of American archetype and automobiles play an important part in each person's life and they have stories to prove it.
So, great post and thanks for sharing your perspective as the daughter of a "factory rat".
1964 Plymouth Valiant stationwagon (heavily used)
1967 Ford Mustang (badly used)
1974 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme (used and abused)
1981 Plymouth Horizon (used and should have been refused)
1982 Ford Sedan (Geez, can't remember the model!) (new)
1986 Ford Taurus Stationwagon (new)
1996 Mercury Villager minivan (new!)
2004 Dodge Grand Caravan (new!)
2008 Toyota Sienna (new!)
The last bunch were strictly based on price, sustainability, and a specific personal factor I won't mention. I'll let you know in about six years if the Toyota was better or worse than the Grand Caravan but I'm betting it's going to be better.
Excellent post, Laurel. Welcome back. Thumbed.
Now I drive an Acura, and before that a Miata, and before that a Lexus, and before that a German car, and ...hasn't been a GM car for almost 40 years.
1woman's view -- very well said, and thank you. Funny about your dad refusing to drive a German car for awhile. As I said to JK, my dad bought a VW in the late 50's...but Japanese, no way. (He served in the Pacific.)
OEsheepdog -- the management decisions of these companies (Hummer??? What were they thinking?) are beyond my comprehension, but that doesn't stop me from wanting to support the workers.
M-peg -- Thanks for stopping by. Aren't you glad you're a Vermonter, where the maple syrup industry still appears to be stable?
icemilkcoffee -- you're not the first person I've heard this from! Great for buyers, I guess, not so hot for the sellers.
fins2theleft -- thanks for coming back around. Very perceptive observation -- a lot of emotion tied up with all that Detroit iron. Will there ever be great rock n' roll songs about driving in a Prius? Somehow I doubt it.
Back later for more replies...
My next car was a Honda Accord, built in Ohio. I sold it after about 9 years. My current car was not built in the US -- unfortunately the Honda Civic Hybrid is only manufactured in Japan. But it sure gets nice mileage!
The Big 3's management destroyed those companies. They took the easy way out, investing little in R&D, which is why their cars *are* less reliable and disintegrate on the road earlier. And why their hybrid technology is either non-existent or licensed from Toyota.
Its a pity, but if you don't invest in your core business for 20-30 years, you're going to dig yourself a hole that you can't get out of.
Last year I got a Saturn as a rental. I hadn't realized that any auto manufacturers didn't include power locks on their cars as standard equipment any more.
"Middlesex" is an amazing book. Eugenides grew up near my neighborhood, though we were on different sides of 8 Mile Road. This seems like a perfect time to give that wonderful novel another read.
Thanks for this piece. I loved it.
You do get shout outs these days in songs for Mercedes (Pink - Get This Party Started), but it seems like truly iconic status is still reserved for American cars.
Let's see ...
Out past the cornfields where the woods got heavy,
Out in the back seat of my '60 Toyota,
.... nope, just doesn't have the same impact...
Who knows, maybe the nostalgia effect will offset some of the negatives and help GM to get back on its feet!
It IS possible to build cars that are reliable for a very long time, and the Big Three have consistently chosen not to do so. They ignored the American people and the realities of the American economy for too long. As much as I'd like to support the workers, I can't ignore my own budget and my family's needs. The "fat cat" CEOs should have taken better care of the workforce by focusing on cars the American public could/would buy.
All that said, I thought your piece was written with considerable eloquence and was very evocative of better times in America. Thanks for writing it!
I've owned two foreign cars in my life and one was assembled about seven miles from where I grew up. I ride an American made motorcycle, but you'd be surprised how many Japanese parts are on it. It's hard to buy American, unless you're talking about financial services and we can all see how well those products are. We used to at least have a choice. Cars are about the ONLY choice we have from buying foreign.
I've never, ever had any major car trouble while others in my family always have some tale of woe about their latest adventures in auto maintenance and repair. Plus, my car is always sportier-looking and more fun to drive, which is my second criteria.
If American industry can't be bothered to adopt best practices from foreign auto makers in order to remain competitive in the marketplace, then they will go the way of all dinosaurs and fade into extinction.
deadmessenger -- please see my first comment to fins2theleft, if you can find it. I appreciate your point, though the people who got layoff notices today may not.
mamoore, owl, jeff, michael r -- dear fellow Michiganders (and ex-Michiganders), thanks for dropping by. Of course, you know EXACTLY where I'm coming from.
Leeandra Nolting -- I keep meaning to tell you, that is such a great name...looks like it belongs on the spine of a best seller! Thanks for your steel industry reminiscences. Yes, I remember contract years and strikes...which my dad always sort of enjoyed. A chance to sleep in past 5 am.
SuznMaree -- the Japanese cars may be reliable, but they are lacking in romance for sure.
Emma -- Gran Torino. Wow, I am impressed. Somehow I visualized you in an Avanti.
L&P -- Thanks for coming by. An open mind, that's all I ask.
Shivaun -- the Smarts are appealing, but maybe you can hold on till the Volt comes out?
Bill S. -- your life story in cars -- I love it! But now I'm trying to figure out what the "specific personal factor" is. I'm guessing kids.
Lea -- Thanks. I can just see you cruising Biscayne Boulevard in a Buick Riviera.
Ric -- Ah, but those car repair skills are a wonderful thing.
PghMike2, Cathering, WriterVixen -- I hear what you all are saying, and you sound like you know cars a lot better than I do. My feelings are in some ways more emotional than rational. But all I ask is that you take a closer look at what the U. S. companies have to offer the next time you're shopping, rather than writing them off automatically. And take a look at Maria Stuart's comment. It's unfortunate that workers must bear the brunt of management's mistakes.
Maria -- Thanks for the view from the front lines. I'm so sorry that you've been hit personally. (Btw, I know Howell quite well; in fact, my family is all gathered there today for a memorial.)
Firstly, the car industry made life better for a lot of people like Laurel. Henry Ford was no friend to organized labor but he was the first to realize that part of having a mass market for cars was to pay decent wages and offer a product to match. That has a ripple effect through a culture, especially when boomer children of Big Three employees came of age in an era of massive dominance of the domestic market.
Secondly, cars reflect something about the culture they come from. I never really got American cars at a visceral level until I drove a (rented) Crown Vic while visiting the in-laws in Ann Arbor. Then the size, the lack of handling, the suitability for floating over great distances, combined with a general level of affluence and space... it all came together. The intellectual and the emotive. So even people who have never owned an American car can still resonate with the cultural markers they reflect.
But it still doesn't make me want to buy one of the Big 2.5's products over any other, to be honest. I've seen this before, in the UK in the 1970s when I was a kid, and the "Buy American before it's too late" sentiment means it was too late some time ago. Funny as it may sound, there was a reason that my parents had switched to French cars by the early 70s.
People talk about lack of investment in technology from the Big 3, and that was an issue, but I remember being struck by an article somewhere about how Japanese or German car workers would be shocked at the poor quality of the tooling that their American counterparts used. Cost cutting in materials and cost cutting in equipment were as big a part of the demise of the American car as the rest of it, and that's a pretty direct betrayal of the people that do the manufacturing, by management.
Laurel, I really really liked this post. I hope your father doesn't get left high and dry with all the changes at the UAW and GM.
Kellylark -- So nice to see you! I remember crossing paths back in Sarah Palin days. Sad that American automakers managed to lose such a loyal customer. But I hope you'll find reason to go back.
K8 -- Hmmm...now I'm trying to figure out where else I might have altered your perspective on something. Tanning? Septic tanks? Underwear?
Stellaa -- Thank you so much. Though you also think Iggy Pop is sexy, so I must take everything you say with a grain of salt. ;-)
GM still builds quality cars , just not enough to overshadow the econobox crap they also hastily marketed to try and catch the Japanese. My 2001 Silverado has 180K miles on it. I have the original brakes pads on it, in fact the only major item I've replaced is the fuel pump. Maintenance goes a long way, no matter what you drive.
Management watched profits to closely and took their eye off Research and Development. The blame should be placed on the CEO's greed , not the 60k per year UAW member. He didn't write that pension plan, he just voted on it.
So then I went with Ford/Mercury. By then it was the 80s. They were okay cars, but not the best. Then I went for a test drive in a Toyota Tercel. The minute I shifted gears two things happened. First, it shifted into gear like a knife through butter, unlike my Ford which was a tank in comparison. Second, I knew I was going to buy it. That was my favorite car and it lasted for almost 15 years until it literally rusted away. And it was great price.
Today I drive a used Toyota.
American or foreign, the problem with cars is their price. They are ridiculous. Average people can't afford a new car today. Secondly, I'd never really buy a new car today with the glut of great second-hand cars on the market.
As someone from Michigan, I truly feel sorry for the economy there. But I don't blame people who buy foreign cars. I blame the government. The problem really started with the collapse of the steel industry several decades ago. The government did nothing. It was just a matter of time before the same thing happened to the auto industry.
I'm not rich. And I'll never be rich. The "baby-boomer" epoch of the American car industry was its worst and greediest ever. I'd like to have good memories, but I just remember break downs and mechanic bills.
I'll take mass transit anyday.
Honest engine -- Yes, it's unfortunate to see workers pay for the mistakes of management. And, you're right, maintenance is key! Like most car owners today, I just wait till the computer tells me it's time to go in for a service, and I don't do anything myself, but back in Detroit, it seemed like everybody was always tinkering around under the hood.
Now I feel guilty for driving a Honda Cr-V. ugh:)
"