The Mélange of life

A NYC Actor's story

Jeanine T. Abraham

Jeanine T. Abraham
Location
Brooklyn, New York, USA
Birthday
March 20
Bio
I began this blog to document my path as a new chef building my business. It's turned into me re-connecting with my true life's purpose as a storyteller and actor. I started out as an actor, left to start a speed dating company, a catering events company, leading conscious dance forms, being a health coach... only to return to being an actor. These are my stories...

MY RECENT POSTS

Editor’s Pick
JANUARY 13, 2010 6:36PM

Confessions of a Colored Negro Black African American...

Rate: 36 Flag

Tubman Slaves

 I was 6 years old when the mini-series Roots came on ABC  in January of 1977.  But I already knew about slavery.  But to see it... in color made a huge impact on my DNA. When I was very young I discovered Harriet Tubman...that made an even bigger impact on my DNA.

I started to speak before I had teeth, my Mom told me.  I started reading at an extremely young age and I remember my Mom telling me about Slavery in America.

You see, I say my Mom  because My Mother grew up in South Carolina.  Her Father, for a time, had been a sharecropper.  She grew up having to pick cotton.  My dear mother... with her fur coats, and matching hats, gloves, shoes and model looks,  spectacular figure, fantastic wardrobe shoes.. fine china ability to create 7 course meals spectacular buffet tables, decorate a full home, sew, crochet,....picked cotton.

I realized that I always seem to focus on my "free" side.  My West Indian side.  On my Father's side we can trace our heritage back much further than my Mother's side.  Interesting.

My Maternal Grandfather, is the only Grandparent I knew.  My Maternal and Paternal Grandmothers died in the 60's when my siblings were kids, and my paternal Grandfather was in his 70's when my Dad was born and died when my dad was around 11.

My Maternal Grandfather  was not a sharecropper his entire life... he ended up buying property and having his own farm with vegetables, horses and hogs.  He provided for his wife and family and took in several other family members who needed the help. Granddaddy was over 6 foot 4 and thin with high cheekbones, long limbs and  a gap between his two front teeth and he looked really good in his Sunday suit and hat. He was a master storyteller.  I remember listening to his stories for hours.

I don't know the history on my Mom's side past my Grandfather.  I think my Mom told me that her Grandmother was part Slave part Cherokee and her Grandfather was a Slave.

See... because of Slavery... I can't trace past my lineage past my Grandfather.  Most of you will never know the impact of that...I am kind of able to understand the impact of it...

Slavery.  The ginormous Pink Elephant that has been running around on this continent ever since the 1600's. 

Some may say,"God why can't these African Americans or whatever they are calling themselves today... just get a grip get over this whole "Slavery" thing and take responsibility for their own actions?....  You know My ancestors were Irish and everybody hated them in this country?  You know Deepak Chopra says that in our minds we create our own reality so you are just creating all of this in your mind... as a story..."

Okay you can have your opinion... but these folks cannot deny this country was built on Slavery.  It is the economic and cultural the spine of this country. And this isn't an "African-American" issue...it's an American issue.

Hut

 

I went to school in Northern VA.  We had to go to plantations on field trips. My High School was called.... Robert E. Lee and flew the Confederate flag. I remember looking at the slave quarters at Mount Vernon and having the guide comment on how nice they were compared to other plantations.  She also showed a map of the original amount of land that was worked and I just shook my head.  

Our current modern minds can't even comprehend what a slave's life was like.  To work in a field from sun up to sun down in harvesting, collecting, preparing, building, cooking, cleaning, maintaining.  We have no idea. Perhaps an illegal Mexcian or Columbian produce worker could comprehend a little...

Then to be considered to be less than human, starved, beaten, sold away from your community, raped and considerded sub human and lucky to have a "decent master" and a clean straw bed...I don't think many of us could understand this... Perhaps a child sex worker in Indonesia  or a child laborer in China could comprehend a little....

So... this is our history. On the side of the descendants of slaves we deal with:  not being able to trace our ancestors, disproving stereotypes that have been in this country since the 1600's, communities that have been, being connected with poverty, being a victim, being lazy, and of a lower class, obese, asexual, loudmouths... I could go on and on.

mammy

 On the side of the descendants of the slaveowners they deal with: the guilt. This guilt lays so heavy and runs so deep it manifests in so many ways I can't even begin to put it to words in one blog. (but I'll try)  The guilt makes them want to just ignore over 400 years of American history and not even consider the impact it has had on them. The guilt that all of the major institutions in this country reap the benefits of slave labor. The guilt that some of them can trace their ancestry back to slave owners, plantations.

I don't know what that must feel like.  

I was looking for stereotypical images of African Americians for this blog... I found hundreds of images dark skinned women ... not so many of the men.. it made me sick. It also made me determined to keep the discussion alive.

This whole Dark Skinned/ Light Skinned  thing runs really deep and is not just an American issue.  It happens in the UK, India, Arabic nations, Asian cultures... nobody wants to be too dark... except white people.  White people want to be tan!

We should laugh at this  and cry.

The descendents of African slaves in America are evolving.  With each generation we are expanding, learning and growing.  We are a diverse culture inside a diverse culture...with many viewpoints and heritages.

My story is different than that of someone who's great grandmother was a white woman.  Being a light skinned black person has it's own unique challenges and nuances.  What is it like to be able to pass for "white" when your mother is dark?  How does it feel when you are excluded from  darker skinned black people? How does it feel when you exclude darker skinned black people from your circle? This is all part of the "Black Experience".

With this evolution, titles seem to change from Nigger-Slave to Negro... when the "No Negro "or "Coloreds Only "signs appeared we reluctantly accepted the term "Colored"... when the Civil Rights movment sat down and peacefully caused a revolution it sparked change, empowerment.  Those" Colored, Negro" folk who were tired of seeing their brothers and sisters of color,  hosed, chased by dogs, murdered by lynching, and church bombings..got angry and decided not to assimilate.  They cut their procced hair, grew Afros learned about their African Roots and shouted ,"I'm Black and I'm Proud!!"  with upraised fists for all to hear and recognize. "I am Black I am Strong.  Black is Beautiful!" 

Then we reached the  80's where we looked a Apartheid and Spike Lee, Ronald Regan years and famine in Africa... looked at the history of language and saw the-root word "Lack" in "Black" and decided to embrace all that was Africa all that was America within us and call ourselves "African-American" even though many of us had never felt the soil of this rich continent under our feet...even though we show the mark of her people on our faces and in our blood.

Then in the 90's with hip hop culture and rap coming forward as a strong force in the nation, it's artists and youth embraced the word "nigga" bringing from the street into their beats and in their words using it so that it's old meaning disappears. (I don't think this old meaning ever will dissapear or think it should so I don't use this word in my vocabulary)

So, yes... Colored Negro Black African Americans  continue to search for a way to define ourselves. We struggle, we fall, we laugh,  we cry, we are totally and utterly confused, yet we are clear. We know we are here, we know what our ancestors gave us and what we want to pass on to our children.  We know we love this country, our country America the Beautiful.  

And that's the way it is.

J9

 

 

 

Your tags:

TIP:

Enter the amount, and click "Tip" to submit!
Recipient's email address:
Personal message (optional):

Your email address:

Comments

Type your comment below:
This an extremely powerful, moving piece. Thank you.
Thanks... I write with tears in my eyes... this is the stuff that has been inside me for 39 years... and I've been searching for a way to express
May I play a small game here?

Raise one hand (assuming your intact and normal) you will see five digits.

I want you to find (without the internet) FIVE Verifiable differences between Black People, Brown People and Asian People and White people.

Raising your hand will help you count them off..

I will help you out here by answering the first one, so that you know how we answer in this game.

1.

They “Look Different” e.g. Darker skin, curly hair, slanting eyes, (some), - you get the idea?, they look different in very many ways.... So besides "looks"........
2.

“Your answer”
3.

“Your answer”
4.

“Your answer”
5.

“Your answer”



I will now point out the similarities........................



Actually I cannot, because I do not have the years left in me to put them all down on paper....

What I am getting at is..... How, as a species, do we change these dreadfully important misconceptions, that tend – for some – to pervade throughout the world.

Are we “emerging” as tribal entities into global entities? Will we succeed?...

Wonderful heart-wrenching post of yours..
Very beautiful, strong post. Keep writing, we want to hear more!
Mal:
There are genetic differences. Virtually all Native Americans have O type blood, not A, B or AB. Blacks are more susceptible to Sickle Cell Anemia. Asians tend to lack the gene to digest lactose as adults.

Do these differences matter? Not unless you carry the gene for sickle cell anemia, in which case you would be wise to marry someone who's not black.
Gorgeous and timely. I am so thankful for this.

"Slavery. The ginormous Pink Elephant that has been running around on this continent ever since the 1600's."

I am particularly thankful you discussed the feelings we all encounter over this issue. You said it so well. Until these underlying beliefs and feelings are addressed, I don't believe we will heal as a collective people. I did a piece on Harry Reid yesterday and someone pointed me to your piece and here it is highlighted today! Happy the Editors found you, too!
Thank you for sharing your heart and soul. This is beautifully expressed.
Re: color. A story that comes by way of my old college friend, Tawney. There was a saying in the black community (maybe there still is), "The darker the berry, the sweeter the juice." Not sure exactly how it was intended, but it sounds kind of sexually creepy. Tawny's mother's response, on at least one occasion: "Damn the berry and fuck the juice!" And the hell with being color-struck. It does no one any good.

Thanks for your important post.
Wow, I don't know how I have managed to totally miss your blog until now! I have read some of your others too, and I enjoy your writing.
I don't know what to say. What a magnificent piece, Jeanine.
Congrats on the well deserved Editors Pick! There is an author friend of mine that I would highly recommend to anyone who cares about this: Dr. Joy Degruy-The book is "Post Traumatic Slavery Syndrom". In her lectures and workshops she lays paints a vivid picture of slavery-no sanitized versions-then asks to imagine the answers a person who was a slave would answer the questions that diagnose Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. If a patient answers just one question "yes" they possibly have it. Some of the questions are:
1. Are you worried about your saftety
2. Have you seen someone beaten
3. Are you worried about the saftey of members of your family
4. Have you seen members of your family hurt
5. Do you fear something may happen to your family
6. Have you seen someone killed
7. Do you think there is a possibility you could be killed
8. Do you think there is a possibility members of your family could be killed

The more questions you answer "yes" the greater the chance you have the syndrome. Then imagine 400 years of Physchologically traumatized people...raising children who would become traumatized...who would raise more, etc. And throughout the lecture, Joy asked the question "Where's the therapy?" Forget the 40 acres and mule promise. "Where was the therapy?" We all know what happens when we deny an illness. It doesn't go away. It festers.

Thank you Jeanine for your honesty and passion and willingness to share your personal truth. Thank you.
Thank you for the insights and education. Reading this post follows a conversation I had yesterday with a woman who is responsible for "diversity awareness" at a university. We talked at length about how we each define culture and community. You have greatly enhanced my awareness and have moved me forward on my path to understanding.

Thank you

Rated
Good work Jenanine. This country wasn't simply built on slavery. it was built on rape, theft and genoicde on a massive scle BEFORE slavery. That was the "cherry on top."

As you can tell from my name alone my lineage is "complex." But not as far as whites are concerned --

http://www.laweekly.com/2004-09-30/art-books/breathing-while-black/

http://www.laweekly.com/2008-03-27/columns/off-white-like-me/

And when it comes to other blacks --

http://www.laweekly.com/2008-12-25/columns/black-is-the-new-white/

a fortiori --

http://www.laweekly.com/2009-12-17/film-tv/uncle-remus-redux/
You write so eloquently on this subject. You are right, it should be talked about more. Slavery is as big a part of the picture of how our nation was formed as is the story of immigrants coming here willingly to seek a new life. We should not turn away from the human horror of slavery and its impact in the years since it was abolished. Rated.
Thank you Jeanine. What a great post.

I'm a descendant of slave-owners. I have a document in a drawer somewhere that my uncle unearthed in his incessant hobby of genealogy that shows the sale of a family of slaves, by some long distant ancestor with my family name. In about 1830.

My uncle, the historian, was delighted to find a document with our name on it. That's how genealogy works... find any document (marriage, birth, death, bill of sale), and then work back to it.

I was horrified. There it was, black and white, my family owned slaves. The seller (my ancestor) got a first and last name on the document. The slaves only got first names. Sarah, I remember, and others. It was obviously a husband, wife, and children, all being sold as a lot. Sad, that there are no names other than first.

I wish I could find that family today. I don't know what I would say. Sorry? My great great great grandfather owned yours? What would I say? I don't know.

Whatever wealth that long-distant family of mine accumulated all disappeared. My family ended up migrating out of the Dust Bowl to California in a broken-down car with nothing else to their names.

It shocks me still that my own family has a history of slavery, and brokenness, and violence.

Thanks again for your writing.
An excellent discourse- highly rated.
A beautiful and thoughtful account. I am deeply moved.
Wow... so much stuff !!! My mind is spinning....

First Thanks everybody...

Mimetalker I'll check out the Dr's book... from your list sounds like everyone in the world may have this syndrome !!

Froggy... like I said... I have no idea what it is like to be the descendant of slave owners... all I know is that this was our economic structure and that's the way things were... that fact that we can bring all this stuff out into the light is where the healing begins.

I do believe that we are connected to our ancestors...I know we can all learn from their mistakes and evolve and love.

I don't have any ill feelings toward you knowing that your ancestors were slave owners... just like I don't have any ill feelings toward the African tribes who are still thriving in West Africa and beyond due to their participation in the slave trade.

Guys... there's no easy answer to race in America it reminds me of an onion... with many layers ... we can pull it apart, chop it up, allow ourselves to cry, sautee it in butter with celery and creme and turn it into a divine dish we can all sit down at the table and consume with love. This is the alchemy we can create thru our discussions. :)
Wow, what an extremely eloquent piece Jeanine. As I have always told you --- you possess a wonderful gift. The gift of putting your thoughts and feelings on paper. That's a powerful thing. I really enjoyed reading your piece, it's what many of us are feeling and thinking about every single day. And as your sister, I can say that I'm really proud of you and love you very much. Please continue to bless us with your thoughts. This topic is one that needs to be discussed among everyone as often as we can. As you said, we as a people have come a long way, but we still have to move forward, especially with our own -- not catagorizing each other into dark-skin/light-skin -- good hair/nappy hair -- we are all people of color with rich heritages (whether we know our ancestory or not). Keep writing girl! You know, you should publish a book, for real. I love you. Your sister Linette
Jeanine--thank you for talking. It's so hard to even articulate. Full disclosure--I'm a white person in a relatively white state (Oregon) in the fairly white suburbs that are near my work. It's too easy for me to avert my eyes from the whole discussion, because where I live, there's not much to avert from.

A few years ago, I went to a football game--Portland State vs. Grambling State University from Louisiana--a historically black college.

The game was just a game, I can't remember who won. But I was there for the band. Oh My God the band. It was a celebration in the most joyous sense--a halftime show like nothing I've ever seen (and I'm a serious marching band geek). That band had precision, and musicianship, and above all, style. It seemed like the entire black community in Portland was there to celebrate with them, to watch and cheer--a whole stadium full of black families, kids and parents, old ladies in their colorful church hats, teens in their saggy pants, everyone. For the first time in my life, I was a minority in that stadium.

It was wonderful. They were wonderful. The music, the drum major, the dance team, the crowd. All of it.

But the hardest part was describing it afterwords, finding the words to say Thank You for including me, thank you for being here, and how do I describe the people? Can I say "black"? I don't know. I can say joyous. Rhythmic. Talented. Young. But I still don't know if I can say "black." African American. Fantastic. A performance that a bunch of white kids couldn't have done in a million years. (Can I say that? Is that a stereotype?)

Thank you for the discussion. Thank you for helping me find the words.
To Froggy:

Dude that's AWESOME!!! I lead a dance form called JourneyDance where we all dance with no mirrors, no judgements with wild wreckless abandon and we are the colors of the rainbow none of it matters.

Stay tuned... I'm gonna write about dance in future blogs...

know that people are people and if you relate to a person who may have a different skin color with love and respect that will reflect back to you 10 fold. :)

Linette...Thanks for your post.. and your spectacular support... Love you :)
jeanine, I love the voice in which you write,

"Then to be considered to be less than human, starved, beaten, sold away from your community, raped and considerded sub human and lucky to have a "decent master" and a clean straw bed...I don't think many of us could understand this... Perhaps a child sex worker in Indonesia or a child laborer in China could comprehend a little...."

trying to understand others' experiences we run into limitations (failures) of imagination.

beautifully written & painfully true.
Bonnie- Love the story about Bessie Coleman! I had never heard of her... Now I know her and will find out more... my favorites Black women in History are Harriet Tubman and Wilma Rudolph...

Joan, Kathy, Debs Thank you so much for the support I'm so new to this..

Malusinka- great insight... but there are so many genetic issues that people of all ethnicities have... I think if you love someone... you love someone and you deal with whatever comes up...

Sparkling .. Thankyou! Thank You loved that piece you did just saw it outstanding...

Sixtycandles... I haddn't heard that "Damn the berry and fuck the juice!" SUPER!!! and I looove the "colorstruck" reference!! I'm gonna write about that too stay tuned :)

JK- what you said about Cuba doesn't suprise me one bit. This stuff runs so deep...in West Africa starting in the 80's the many Dark Skinned African women began to use "bleaching creams" that contained harmful metals. The cremes turned their faces a strange yellow color and the metals in the creme reacted to the metals in their jewelry and created blisters and burns on their skin. Why? Because they looked at American magazines like Ebony, and Jet and wanted to look like Halle Berry and other Light skinned actresses who were the standard of beauty. It's frightening... truly frightening.


and Finally... Delores... I appreciate your compliment I'm new to writing and just finding my voice...

j9
Slavery was not invented in this country. It has been a consistent sociological fact since the dawn of civilization. In fact, it is still going on in different parts of the world right now.

We still have it in this country, in a more subtle form. Wage slavery. An economic system that originally took advantage of slavery, doesn't just up and change. We are all being driven to produce, succeed...consume.

Black History Month is coming up. Thoughtful consideration of the past is a good thing at certain points in the maturing of an individual. But also a bit of intellectual distance sometimes comes in handy too.
Great post, Jeanine. Well done. Like I told you, I'd say more, but you got me speechless.
This is so amazing. You write magnificently and I think your voice is so very vital!

On a side note - I am a bit of a family tree nut. (pun intended) If you are interested in working on your lineage, there are excellent resources for African-Americans just beginning to come into play. There is a massive project underway involving DNA testing and lineage as well as specialized societies which help people find those roots that are so very difficult to obtain.

The job is made exponentially hard by the shameful past, but there is a growing demand and a growing movement out there to help piece together family histories in spite of the challenges.

But, even if you never know what those branches contain, your expression of yourself here is just perfect and so very important. Thank you for sharing this with us!
Joy thanks so much for your insights... Yes the history of civilization is built on Slavery The Egyptians, the Romans, we could go on and on

Perhaps you missed when I wrote....

"Our current modern minds can't even comprehend what a slave's life was like. To work in a field from sun up to sun down in harvesting, collecting, preparing, building, cooking, cleaning, maintaining. We have no idea. Perhaps an illegal Mexcian or Columbian produce worker could comprehend a little...

Then to be considered to be less than human, starved, beaten, sold away from your community, raped and considerded sub human and lucky to have a "decent master" and a clean straw bed...I don't think many of us could understand this... Perhaps a child sex worker in Indonesia or a child laborer in China could comprehend a little.... "

This is our shared American History.

Actually emotional intelligence and maturity are what make this country spectacular and I hope we are a people who never develop "intellectual distance" when it comes to this matter.

"Intellectual Distance" was key in Germany in the 1930's ... and on May 23, 2009 when a woman was raped in Washington Park and no one helped her http://www.inquisitr.com/24533/woman-raped-in-washington-park-as-hundreds-watched-nobody-intervened/

We are all connected... this all connects us... thru discussion we learn grow and heal.
Hey Jodi

You rock I am really enjoying the conversation on your blog about stereotyping!

Yes I do want to look into my lineage... and I'll check out that post. I've got so much to say about all this my mind is totally at the brink of exploding today.

I just had someone of Armenian descent email me and she said this

"the part of tracing back your ancestors really hit home for me...b/c on my dad's side I can only go back to my great grandparents..the rest were killed during the genocide in Armenia..which to this day is still denied that it even happened."

See... unfortunately no matter what time period... what nationality or race...we are... this shit keeps happening!

My voice comes from my African-American Female point of view... that is like a grain of sand on a beach... we all share so much wisdom and so much dysfunction.

I'm just so grateful that in this time period... we have the Worldwide web so we can all duke it out in a safe space with respect and learn.

I may be a little bit 21st century hippified... but I do believe the basic answer to all this is love. But to get to that place.. it's a little bit complicated.

:)
J9
You captivated me from beginning to end. You enlightened. You shamed. And yet in the end, as you said "America the Beautiful", presumably warts and all.
Rated
At the time of the Revolutionary War approximately 20% of the population of America was African Slave. That's 1/5th of the working economy of a building nation. You cannot contemplate the United States without considering the economic impact of slave labor. We may wish to, but you can't do so with any intellectual honesty.
And importantly, the impact is probably considerably greater than 20%. There were many whites in the population who, for one reason or another, did not work. You cannot say the same thing about African slaves-- if they were breathing, they were working. Don't take my word for it, look at the numbers-- read 'em and weep.
Yes. You say it right. You say it absolutely perfectly right.
m.j.r - thanks so much for taking the time out to make a comment....although I'm not sure you read the blog... because your comment isn't really the focus of my blog.

The subject of my blog is...identity. It's is not a debate on what life in this country would have been like without slavery or a fact sheet on the ratio of slave to master during the revolutionary war these facts are common knowledge.

I'm talking about the impact of this economic choice on the descendants of the slave owners and slaves. We feel this effect in so many ways we don't even recognize it, and we black and white, are so afraid to talk about it we run to our own individual comfort zones in order to hide from the discussion.

It's fascinating.... how hard it is for us to face the impact of our actions. I mean, in this case I'm speaking about the impact of slavery on the descendants of slavery both black and white.

I'd truly love to know what you think about the impact our shared past has had on this country... I'm sure you have some brilliant insights on the matter.
"But to see it... in color made a huge impact on my DNA. When I was very young I discovered Harriet Tubman...that made an even bigger impact on my DNA."

Human genetics are one of the most beautiful, amazing and wonderous things in our world. We humans think we are more evolved and intelligent than other animals but I marvel at animals like cats who do not seem to care what color the other cat is...
Hey Leonde

Thanks for your thoughts!

I love cats...but I wouldn't want to be one. I've seen one of my cats eat the other one's vomit, lick it's private parts and run into one room to another quickly for no reason whatsoever.

Humans have the ability to drive cars, do long division, build sky-scrapers, tell jokes, blow up buildings, kill one another, learn from their mistakes, to be able to see the beauty in all of our physical differences and be amazed by the similarities.

We humans have the abililty to cry and to give and to help people across the globe that we have never met... because of a photograph or article about that person's suffering.

We humans also have the ability to debate.. I marvel at that.

j9
Jeanine, a lot of what you're talking about here is reflected in this country's finally coming to terms with Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemmings. So much most-covered myth has grown up around this -- even to the point where some "Jeffersonians" were claiming that that DNA tests reflected his bothers not the Sainted Tom -- you could just scream and not stop.

Happily Jefferson's great-grandson, my friend and fellow-journalist Lucian K. Truscott IV -- put an end to all this nonsense became instrumental in bringing the Hemmings side of the family back into the Jefferson historical fold.
This is a very good post. I am glad that it was picked for the cover.
I’m glad to have stumbled upon this piece. You have a gift for clarity of expression. None of us is responsible for our history, but we all share in its effects.

Rated
Delia & Spin Dr. Thanks...

David I'm not sure where you're going with the Jefferson/Hemmings reference.. but I appreciate the comment
An extremely moving piece that not only was very insightful with knowledge, but it was full of heart. Having your heart drive a peace of literature (yes I am saying literature) is something that the reader can never deny. Amazing point of view and great way of including everyone in the piece by saying this isn't only African-American history, but it is our history as members of this country, and then driving it further by talking about the "darker skin, lighter skin issue globally." Thank you for writing this.

-Ricky.
Jeanine,

It's been a horribly busy week so please accept my apologies for not responding sooner. Just saw your comment in reference to mine. I didn't speak to identity or the emotional impact of slavery as I thought you (and others) had done a rather nice job of it. I gave the facts and figures because I don't think they are actually common knowledge-- though I'm sure you yourself are familiar with them. I think, in fact, in keeping with your "ginormous pink elephant in the room" thought, the popular consciousness has rendered slavery here to be a "long ago" and "an isolated affair," as opposed to something which permeated and, in fact, created the country (there's actually a very good argument to be made that beyond the labor provided by slaves to build the country and its wealth, it was actually southern fear of the loss of slavery through English law (Somorset's Case) that actually prompted the South to even join with the North. (The runaway slave clause in the Constitution is in effect an anti-Somorset's Case clause-- and the South insisted it be there).

So why do I recite these numbers? Because I want there to be reparations. And yes, I am white. This may seem corny, but there's a line at the end of the movie Glory where they talk about how it would feel mighty nice to get clean. I'd like us to get clean.

I'm not saying that reparations gets us there. But it's the right thing to do and a step in the right direction. There's a debt; it needs to be paid.

And no, if anyone is interested, I don't expect Congress to ever do so in the way they did so with Korematsu (Japanese internment). It will have to be legal/judicial. And yes, I realize that the Constitution is riddled with provisions which sanction slavery and therefore render it legal. BUT, and this is the important part (supposed to be presenting this at a panel at a legal scholarship conference), the Emancipation Proclamation rendered the slaves held by states in rebellion (not all slaves) free. If it was a legal executive order (it was) from that day on, those who were kept were kept through illegal restraint. From the date of the Proclamation to the date of the peace is not that long a period of time-- but the fair market value of the forced labor during that time-- PLUS INTEREST-- is a pretty big number. And some of those companies that profited are still around today.

And after that, and more writings like yours, maybe we can start to move on.