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Paul Levinson

Paul Levinson
Location
New York City, New York, USA
Birthday
March 25
Title
Professor
Company
Fordham University
Bio
Paul Levinson's The Silk Code won the 2000 Locus Award for Best First Novel. He has since published Borrowed Tides (2001), The Consciousness Plague (2002), The Pixel Eye (2003), and The Plot To Save Socrates (2006). His science fiction and mystery short stories have been nominated for Nebula, Hugo, Edgar, and Sturgeon Awards. His eight nonfiction books, including The Soft Edge (1997), Digital McLuhan (1999), Realspace (2003), and Cellphone (2004), have been the subject of major articles in the New York Times, Wired, the Christian Science Monitor, and have been translated into ten languages. New New Media, exploring how Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and blogging have changed our lives, was published in September 2009. Paul Levinson appears on "The O'Reilly Factor" (Fox News), "The CBS Evening News," the “NewsHour with Jim Lehrer” (PBS), “Nightline” (ABC), and numerous national and international TV and radio programs. He reviews the best of television in his InfiniteRegress.tv blog. Paul Levinson is Professor of Communication & Media Studies at Fordham University in New York City

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APRIL 29, 2009 11:46PM

Obsession Trumps Paradox on Lost

Rate: 9 Flag

Another top-notch, wrenching, conceptually breathtaking time travel story on Lost tonight - 5.14 - which skirts around paradox, but is thoroughly explicable on the basis of obsessed human nature.

Daniel has returned to the island in 1977 - that is, the Daniel we know, who lost his love Charlotte, and understands better than most the possibilities and limitations of time travel. Nonetheless, he has a daring plan - do something that will prevent "the incident" that made the "Hatch" a necessity, which in turn will allow Flight 815 not to fall out of the sky, and instead make it safely to L.A.

Kate and Jack agree to help him - a good thing, too, because Hurley or Miles might have known enough to stop Daniel, if they had had any time to think about it. If Daniel had succeeded in changing the past, that would mean that Kate and Jack and all Losties would never have been on the island in the first place. So Kate and Jack are supporting Daniel in his plan without realizing the consequences.

But of course Daniel's plan can't succeed - because, if it did, then we would suddenly be shifted to a completely different story, off the island, in which Kate would probably be in prison and Jack would be practicing medicine in Los Angles. So the only real question is, what would stop Daniel?

The solution is heartbreaking but elegant. Daniel needs the help of his mother, Eloise, young and on the island with the hostiles in 1977. Eloise, as we know, is Ms. Hawking (and it turns out, as many viewers also have guessed, Charles Widmore is his father). Daniel waves a gun to Richard, who tells him Eloise isn't there, but a shot rings out and Daniel is killed - a shot fired by Eloise.

With his last breath, Daniel asks Eloise how she could have sent him, her son, back to the island, knowing that she as her younger self would kill him in 1977? The younger Eloise of course has no answer, because she could at that point in her life have had no knowledge of what the adult Daniel looked and sounded like.

But from that moment on, she will carry the memory of having killed a man who said he was her son. And she soon enough will realize that that wild man on island was indeed her son. So, why, as Daniel asked, did she get him to go back?

The only answer is that making or keeping things in the island the way she thought those things should be was more important to her than her son's life. Cold, cold, indeed.

By the way, there's nothing paradoxical in this result - as there would have been if, say, Daniel had been the one who killed his mother, before she conceived him. That event would have thrown Lost right into the teeth of the perennial grandfather/grandmother paradox, which can just as effectively occur if the time traveler does something to prevent his mother from being his mother.

But the coming attractions, if I saw them correctly, seem to be showing Jack now trying to do what Daniel Faraday was trying to do - stop the events which led to 815 crashing - and that would lead to paradox about as profound as it gets...

Two other points -

1. Daniel may not be dead, which would make Eloise not as cold as I said above. After all, young Ben survived his wound in healing Hostile hands...

2. I would've have liked to have seen a little more about what Daniel did and learned in Ann Arbor...

==============

PS ... did you see the little flashes in the commercials, with the tag "What did you see?" Keep staying tuned - those are little previews of my friend Rob Sawyer's "Flash Forward," which will likely be following Lost on ABC next season...

More Lost - see : The Richard-Locke Compass Time Travel Loop ...

and Lost Returns in 5 Dimensions and 5.3: The Loops, The Bomb ... 5.4: A Saving Skip Back in Time ... 5.5 Two Time Loops and Mind Benders ... 5.6 A Lot of Questions ... 5.7 Bentham and Ben ... 5.8 True Love Ways ... 5.9 Two Times and a Baby ... 5.10 The Impossible Cannot Happen ... 5.11 Clockwork Perfect Time Travel ... 5.12: Ben v. Charles, and Locke' Slave ... 5.13: Lost Meets Star Wars and the Sixth Sense ... The Problem with Baby Aaron and the Return of the Oceanic Six

 


10-min podcast review of Lost 5.14

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I think Daniel is actually dead, thus the discussion about sacrifice between Eloise and Charles, and the slap. And I was wondering what led Jack to the temple just before the Darmah project tapped into the energy source under the Swan, perhaps he was following Richard, maybe the Others had grabbed Kate, who knows? The farther this show goes, the deeper I get pulled into it.
I liked the cover story on the Wired magazine Daniel had when he finally meets Widmore. The name of the story was "The Impossible Gets Real". A hint at further paradoxes?
Yes, Paul. It could be that the gun shot didn's kill Daniel. Or, the island will "heal" Daniel with it's mysterious healing properties as seen with John Locke and regaining the use of his legs.

Daniel's mother made such a strong point about his returning to the island to be "healed." There is more to that story.

It seems to me, we will see other Lost characters returning and new events will prevent Kate and Jack from preventing the plane crash.

The possibilities are mystifying.
Actually, Procopius, that was an actual issue of Wired magazine that has an article about time travel. Also, there is an article called "The End of Cancer" on page 108 (the sum of "The Numbers").
From what I've read, the time travel described in that article is similar to how time travel works in Lost.

JJ Abrams was guest editor of the most recent issue of wired.
Hi, Paul. I always apprecaite your write ups! Hey, so what was Daniel saying to Jack about a non-scar? Wasn't he showing Jack that time doesn't work the way we are often assuming, as if something that happens to them AFTER they go back will change what they experienced the first time. He seemed to so excited about his insight they "WE are the variables"...Man, I know i am being stubborn, but I just don't think it has to play out that a change will evaporate the people who have gone back...Sure, it will change their other version...

Anyway, I thought the scar talk was pointing to that...
Carole - what I took Daniel's scar point to be to Jack was: Even though I got this scar in 1977, which you just saw, I am older now, than when you saw me in the future (because we both traveled back in time) and therefore when you saw me in the future, I did not have that scar (because I was younger than now in the future). That's not really about humans as variables - it's about personal aging and world timelines being too different things, when you travel to the past.
My theory has been that the entire season will end with the entire season never having taken place. That is, all the Lostees will have never gotten on the plane. However, what ever they do in the mean time will cause their lives to be less screwed up. So, you get a mysterious happy ending. This episode played with that concept, and it would seem it's out of the question with Daniel being dead, but you never know.

I also thought they were all dead at one point. I still love that idea.
Correction! Above I wrote 'season' but I meant series.
It would be more exciting if things could change on the island. And that is how I also heard Daniel's explanation of the scar: "See, I'm here in 1977 for the first time."
Then again, why did he repeat the act of bumping into Dr. Chang, down in the Orchid construction site? That happened in an earlier episode and Daniel made it a point to repeat it here, though he then also made it a point to confront Dr. Chang, another thing that had never happened before. I took that as an overt gesture to change the past.
Again, I feel cheated when it seems like nothing can change and we're just watching things play out. It was exciting when they shot the kid version of Ben (b/c then anything would be possible) but a total rip-off when he was alive in the next episode.
His lost love Charlotte didn't really give him the time of day for most of their relationship. Just saying.
The only issue I have now is that their original explanation of how time works doesn't really sit well with what is happening anymore. I am, however, very curious to know about this father/son relationship between Daniel and Widmore. I just really, honestly hope that the end of the whole thing is as good as they're building it up to be.
FilmSkool, i'm %100 with you....

for me it becomes dramatically uninteresting if the show takes the view that we are watching a loop that is unchanging. This is how I used to view time-travel and it can be logically maintained. However, I'm so relieved to finally see the other perspective and, like you, I think Faraday was coming to that as well. I disagree with Paul's view that Daniel was simply reminding Jack that scars go away with age. In fact, I think shot Daniel will now carry a very visiable scar with him.

Filmskool, have you seen the film PRIMER. Oh, man, now that tackles time-travel the way you and I are talking about. And I think Lost might be as well. Nothing has happened yet that puts it to the test. Now, if young Ben had died THEN we'd know for sure which way they are going with this...
Film Skool: He didn't bump into Dr. Chang again--he only bumped into Dr. Chang once. Although we were seeing it for the second time, it only happened once--that scene was a callback to an earlier episode, except this time around we saw more of what had happened after he bumped into Dr. Chang.

Whether or not the show will ultimately back off the "whatever happened, happened" conceit is not for me to say, but this wasn't an example of that. :-)
oh, i see your point about the scar paul....I guess even that incident isn't a test because the wound happened to the Daniel who had gone back....If it had happened to younger Daniel, THEN we would get to see how the show is going to roll....
In my humble opinion, because all people remember what they did until they die, all people that time travel must die before the first time we saw them not remembering.